AI0-001 AI Concepts and Foundations Practice Question
An AI model is being developed for medical diagnosis from X-ray images. The dataset contains only frontal chest X-rays. The model achieves high accuracy on test set but fails on lateral views. What is the most likely cause?
⚠ Common exam trap
The AI0-001 exam often tests the distinction between overfitting and dataset bias by presenting a scenario where the model performs well on the test set (which shares the same bias) but fails on a different data distribution, leading candidates to mistakenly choose overfitting instead of recognizing the sampling bias.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Dataset bias
The model was trained exclusively on frontal chest X-rays, so it never learned features specific to lateral views. When tested on lateral views, the distribution shift causes poor performance, which is a classic case of dataset bias (sampling bias). The high accuracy on the test set is misleading because the test set also only contained frontal views, masking the model's inability to generalize to other X-ray orientations.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Dataset bias
Why this is correct
The training set lacks lateral views, causing bias; the model has not learned to recognize features specific to lateral X-rays.
- ✗
Underfitting
Why it's wrong here
Underfitting would result in poor performance on all data, not just lateral views.
- ✗
Label noise
Why it's wrong here
Label noise would affect all images randomly, not systematically fail on a specific view type.
- ✗
Overfitting
Why it's wrong here
Overfitting would cause poor performance on both frontal and lateral views if the test set was similar to training, but here performance is good on frontal only.
About these practice questions
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This AI0-001 practice question is part of Courseiva's free CompTIA certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AI0-001 exam.