KCNA Cloud Native Architecture Practice Question
Which TWO of the following are principles of the 12-factor app methodology? (Choose two.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Ensure fast startup and graceful shutdown (disposability)
The 12-factor app includes 'Config' (store config in environment variables) and 'Disposability' (start fast and shut down gracefully). 'Monolithic architecture' is not a principle; 12-factor encourages microservices. 'Stateful sessions' are discouraged; apps should be stateless. 'Manual deployment' is not a principle; CI/CD is recommended.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Perform manual deployment to avoid automation errors
Why it's wrong here
12-factor encourages automation and CI/CD.
- ✗
Maximize robustness through stateful sessions
Why it's wrong here
12-factor recommends stateless processes.
- ✓
Ensure fast startup and graceful shutdown (disposability)
Why this is correct
This is the 'Disposability' factor.
- ✗
Build monolithic applications for simplicity
Why it's wrong here
12-factor does not mandate monolithic; it supports microservices.
- ✓
Store configuration in environment variables
Why this is correct
This is the 'Config' factor.
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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This KCNA practice question is part of Courseiva's free CNCF certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the KCNA exam.