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350-401 · domain

Architecture

Architecture covers enterprise design principles for the 350-401 ENCOR exam. It tests SD-WAN, SD-Access, underlay/overlay separation, OSPF area types, QoS queuing, and high-availability mechanisms. Questions present deployment scenarios and ask you to choose the correct protocol behavior, feature, or design consideration.

142 questions30 easy60 medium52 hard

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What this domain covers

What to know about Architecture

You must design and verify enterprise architectures using SD-WAN, SD-Access, OSPF area types, and QoS. The most important thing is to know how each technology segments, routes, and prioritizes traffic in a given scenario.

Cisco SD-WAN segmentation using VPNs and VRF-aware routing for guest, employee, and IoT traffic

SD-Access underlay requirements: IP reachability, MTU, and routing protocol consistency

OSPF LSA types in totally stubby areas (Type 1, Type 2, Type 3 only)

QoS low-latency queuing (LLQ) for strict priority of voice traffic on outbound interfaces

Watch out for

Common Architecture exam traps

  • ▸Assuming a totally stubby area still allows Type 4 or Type 5 LSAs; it blocks them and uses a default route instead.
  • ▸Confusing SD-WAN VPN segmentation with traditional VRF-lite; SD-WAN uses VPN IDs and BFD across overlays.
  • ▸Believing SD-Access underlay requires a specific routing protocol like IS-IS, when any IP-routed underlay works.

Question index

All Architecture questions (142)

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1

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-Access fabric. The customer requires that the fabric support both IPv4 and IPv6 traffic natively without the use of any translation mechanisms. Which statement describes the correct configuration approach?

Hard
2

Which TWO statements are correct about Cisco SD-Access architecture? (Choose two.)

Hard
3

A network engineer is configuring a new Cisco Catalyst switch for a small branch office. The engineer needs to ensure that the switch can be managed remotely via SSH and that only encrypted management traffic is allowed. The management VLAN is VLAN 10, and the switch's management IP address will be 10.10.10.2/24. Which command must be entered to assign the management IP address to the switch?

Easy
4

A network engineer is implementing Cisco SD-Access and needs to understand the role of the LISP protocol. Which statement accurately describes the function of LISP in SD-Access?

Easy
5

A network administrator is deploying a Cisco SD-WAN solution. The administrator wants to ensure that control plane information is securely distributed between vSmart controllers and vEdge routers. Which protocol does Cisco SD-WAN use for this purpose?

Hard
6

A network designer is evaluating a virtual switch deployment in a Cisco ACI fabric. The requirement is to extend a bridge domain across multiple leaf switches while allowing the fabric to perform distributed IP routing at the leaf for endpoints in that bridge domain. Which ACI construct should the designer use?

Hard
7

A network engineer is designing a QoS policy for a WAN edge router. The router must prioritize voice traffic with strict priority while ensuring that other traffic classes are not starved. The engineer decides to use Low Latency Queueing (LLQ). Which additional mechanism should be configured to prevent starvation of other queues when voice traffic exceeds its allocated bandwidth?

Hard
8

A network engineer is implementing Cisco TrustSec in a campus network. Which two components are required to enable Security Group Tagging (SGT) and enforcement? (Choose two.)

Hard
9

A network architect is designing a three-tier campus network with a pair of Cisco Catalyst 9500 switches at the core. The design requires that the core layer avoid maintaining a large MAC address table and instead forward traffic based on Layer 3 reachability. Which technology should be implemented on the core switches to meet this requirement?

Medium
10

A network architect is evaluating Cisco SD-Access fabric deployment options for a large campus. The design team wants to understand the roles that fabric nodes play in forwarding traffic and in connecting the fabric to external networks. Which two statements accurately describe Cisco SD-Access fabric node roles? (Choose two.)

Hard
11

A network administrator is implementing Cisco TrustSec in a data center. The security team wants to enforce segmentation based on user roles rather than IP addresses. The administrator has configured security group tags (SGTs) on the access layer switches and now needs to propagate this information across the network. Which protocol should be used to carry SGT information between Cisco TrustSec-capable devices?

Hard
12

A network engineer is deploying a new branch office that connects to the headquarters via a Cisco SD-WAN solution. The branch has two WAN transports: an MPLS circuit and a broadband internet link. The engineer wants to ensure that business-critical traffic uses the MPLS circuit while guest traffic uses the broadband link, and that failover occurs automatically if the MPLS circuit degrades. Which Cisco SD-WAN feature should be configured to meet these requirements?

Hard
13

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-WAN fabric using vManage, vSmart, and vBond controllers. Which two statements accurately describe the control plane and onboarding behavior in this architecture? (Choose two.)

Medium
14

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco wireless controller for a branch office. The design requires that guest clients be isolated from corporate clients while still using the same physical access points. Which Cisco wireless architecture feature should be used to separate the traffic?

Medium
15

A network architect is designing a new branch office that must run Cisco SD-WAN with a single WAN transport and requires all control-plane and data-plane traffic to be encrypted by default using DTLS/TLS tunnels managed by the controller. Which SD-WAN component is responsible for establishing the secure control connections and distributing route and policy information to the branch edge devices?

Medium
16

A company is implementing QoS in a network where voice traffic must have strict priority over all other traffic. Which queuing mechanism should be used on the outbound interface of a router to ensure voice packets are always sent first?

Medium
17

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) and needs to ensure that the management interface is reachable from the wired network. Which interface on the WLC is used for out-of-band management and is typically assigned an IP address on the management VLAN?

Easy
18

A network architect is evaluating Cisco SD-WAN for a company with 50 branch sites and two data centers. The design must provide application-aware routing, direct internet access at branches, and centralized policy management. Which Cisco SD-WAN component is responsible for distributing policies and reachability information to the branch devices?

Hard
19

A mid-size enterprise is deploying a new branch office with 50 users. The branch will have its own router, switch, and wireless AP. The WAN link is a 50 Mbps MPLS circuit. The company uses VoIP and requires Quality of Service. The network administrator has configured the router with a QoS policy that marks VoIP traffic with DSCP EF and all other traffic with DSCP 0. The policy also shapes traffic to 50 Mbps. After deployment, users report that voice quality is poor during peak hours. The administrator checks the router and sees that the output queue on the WAN interface is often full and drops are occurring. Which action should the administrator take to improve voice quality?

Medium
20

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco Catalyst 9300 switch stack using StackWise-480 technology. The administrator wants to ensure that if the active switch fails, the standby switch takes over with minimal disruption. Which statement describes the behavior of the stack during a failover?

Medium
21

A network engineer is deploying a new branch office that requires a WAN connection with built-in encryption and dynamic multipoint VPN capabilities. The engineer wants to use a Cisco technology that supports spoke-to-spoke communication without requiring traffic to traverse the hub. Which technology should be implemented?

Easy
22

A network engineer is implementing Cisco TrustSec in a campus network. The security team wants to enforce access policies based on user identity and device type without relying on IP addresses. Which component is responsible for assigning Security Group Tags (SGTs) to traffic at the ingress point?

Medium
23

A network engineer is deploying Cisco SD-Access and needs to ensure that endpoints in the same virtual network (VN) can communicate across fabric sites while endpoints in different VNs remain isolated. Which control plane component is responsible for propagating endpoint reachability information between fabric sites?

Hard
24

A network engineer is deploying a Cisco SD-WAN solution with two data center sites and 40 branch sites. The design must ensure that traffic from a branch to a critical application in Data Center A always prefers the MPLS transport while using the internet transport only when MPLS latency exceeds a defined threshold. Which Cisco SD-WAN component and feature combination accomplishes this?

Hard
25

A network engineer is designing a QoS policy for a WAN edge router. Voice traffic must be serviced with strict priority and guaranteed low latency, while a policer must limit voice to 30 percent of the interface bandwidth to prevent starvation of other queues. Which queuing mechanism should the engineer configure?

Medium
26

A network engineer is configuring a new Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) and needs to ensure that the WLC can be managed remotely from a different subnet. The WLC is connected to a switch port that is configured as a trunk. Which interface on the WLC must be configured with an IP address to allow remote management?

Easy
27

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-Access fabric for a campus network. The architect wants to ensure that endpoints in the same virtual network can communicate with each other even when they are attached to different fabric edge nodes. Which control plane component is responsible for resolving endpoint location information across the fabric?

Medium
28

A network engineer is designing a high-availability campus network using Cisco StackWise Virtual technology on two Cisco Catalyst 9000 switches. The engineer wants to ensure that the control plane remains operational if one switch fails, and that the data plane can continue forwarding traffic with minimal disruption. Which statement accurately describes the operation of StackWise Virtual in this scenario?

Hard
29

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-Access fabric that spans two buildings. The fabric must support Layer 2 extension for a legacy application that requires broadcast traffic to reach hosts in both buildings. The architect plans to use a single fabric with two fabric edge nodes connected to a common control plane node. Which component of the SD-Access architecture is responsible for mapping endpoint identifiers to fabric edge nodes?

Hard
30

A company is deploying a wireless network in an office with high client density. Which Cisco architecture is best suited to handle client roaming without requiring a central controller for every roaming event?

Easy
31

A network architect is designing a new branch office that must support wired and wireless users on the same Layer 2 segment while enforcing consistent security policy regardless of where a user connects. The design must minimize the number of VLANs and IP subnets that must be provisioned as users move between floors. Which Cisco architecture feature should be used to meet these requirements?

Medium
32

A network engineer is implementing Cisco TrustSec in a data center. The engineer wants to enforce security policies based on logical groupings of endpoints rather than IP addresses. Which component is used to assign a Security Group Tag (SGT) to traffic at the ingress point?

Hard
33

A network administrator is deploying a new Cisco Catalyst switch in a campus network. The administrator wants to enable a feature that automatically assigns a voice VLAN to Cisco IP phones connected to the switch, based on CDP or LLDP information. Which feature should be configured?

Easy
34

A network engineer is configuring a new Cisco IOS router and needs to ensure that the router can be managed remotely via SSH. The engineer has already generated RSA keys and configured a username and password. Which additional command is required to enable SSH access on the VTY lines?

Easy
35

A small business has a single router connected to the internet and a switch for the LAN. They want to implement VLANs to separate guest and corporate traffic. The router has only one physical interface to the switch. The network engineer proposes using subinterfaces with 802.1Q trunking on the router interface. Which configuration step is required on the switch port connected to the router?

Easy
36

A network architect is designing a campus network that must support seamless mobility for wireless clients across Layer 3 boundaries. The design requires that clients retain their IP address when roaming between different subnets. Which Cisco technology should be implemented to achieve this?

Hard
37

A network architect is evaluating Cisco StackWise Virtual for a pair of distribution switches. The design requires that the two switches appear as a single logical entity for Layer 2 and Layer 3 forwarding, and that they support Multichassis EtherChannel (MEC) to access switches. Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of Cisco StackWise Virtual?

Medium
38

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-WAN fabric for a company with 50 branch sites. The company requires that each branch have two WAN transports (MPLS and Internet) with per-application traffic steering, and that the fabric use a controller-based architecture for centralized policy. Which Cisco SD-WAN component is responsible for distributing fabric-wide policy and managing control plane connectivity?

Medium
39

A network engineer is configuring a Cisco Catalyst 9000 switch for a new access layer. The engineer needs to enable a feature that allows the switch to authenticate endpoints using 802.1X and then assign them to a specific VLAN based on the result. Which Cisco feature should be configured to dynamically assign VLANs?

Hard
40

A network architect is designing a fabric that must support Layer 2 and Layer 3 connectivity for endpoints across multiple sites without stretching VLANs between them. The design requires a control plane that separates the endpoint identifier from the routing locator, allowing traffic to be tunneled over a routed underlay. Which Cisco architecture component provides this separation in an SD-Access fabric?

Medium
41

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco IOS router to participate in a First Hop Redundancy Protocol group. The requirement is that the group must use a virtual MAC address of 0000.0c07.acXX and support only IPv4. Which protocol should the administrator configure?

Easy
42

A network engineer is designing a QoS policy for a Cisco Catalyst switch. The requirement is to ensure that a specific class of traffic receives a guaranteed minimum bandwidth during congestion while still allowing other classes to use excess bandwidth when available. Which queuing mechanism should the engineer configure?

Hard
43

A network engineer is deploying a Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) in a centralized deployment mode. The engineer needs to ensure that guest traffic is isolated from internal traffic and that guests can only access the internet. Which feature should be configured on the WLC to meet these requirements?

Hard
44

A large enterprise has a campus network with a collapsed core design. The core switch connects to two distribution switches, each serving several access switches. The network uses OSPF as the IGP. Recently, after a link failure between the core and distribution switch A, the network experienced a 30-second outage before converging. The engineer wants to improve convergence time to under 5 seconds. The budget is limited, so hardware upgrades are not an option. The engineer is considering the following actions: A. Enable OSPF Fast Hello on all interfaces. B. Reduce OSPF dead timer to 1 second and hello timer to 333 milliseconds. C. Implement OSPF LSA throttling with a minimum interval of 0 ms. D. Use OSPF incremental SPF (iSPF). Which action will provide the most significant improvement in convergence time for this scenario?

Hard
45

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco Catalyst 9000 switch to participate in a StackWise Virtual configuration. The administrator wants to ensure that the switch is ready to be added to an existing StackWise Virtual domain. Which command must be issued on the new switch before it can join the domain?

Easy
46

Which TWO are benefits of using a spine-leaf architecture in a data center? (Choose two.)

Easy
47

Drag and drop the steps to configure a static route on a Cisco IOS router into the correct order.

Medium
48

A network engineer is designing a high-availability campus network using Cisco StackWise Virtual. The engineer wants to ensure that if the virtual link fails, the switches do not both become active and cause a split-brain scenario. Which mechanism should be implemented to detect and prevent a dual-active situation?

Medium
49

A network administrator is deploying a new Cisco Catalyst switch and wants to enable a feature that provides per-port MAC address limiting to prevent MAC flooding attacks. The administrator also wants to ensure that when the limit is exceeded, the port is err-disabled. Which command set accomplishes this?

Medium
50

Which THREE of the following are valid considerations when planning a wireless network for high-density environments?

Medium
51

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco Catalyst switch and needs to assign a port to VLAN 20 as an access port. Which command sequence is correct?

Easy
52

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco Catalyst switch to support a new VLAN 200 for a guest network. The administrator wants to ensure that VLAN 200 is created and active on the switch. Which command should be used?

Easy
53

A network architect is designing a new branch office that requires a lightweight, scalable solution for device onboarding and policy enforcement. The branch has minimal on-site IT staff and must integrate with the existing Cisco DNA Center deployment at headquarters. Which Cisco SD-Access fabric role is responsible for providing the layer 3 gateway and policy enforcement for wired and wireless endpoints in this branch?

Medium
54

A network administrator is deploying a new Cisco SD-WAN solution. The administrator needs to ensure that the control plane is separated from the data plane and that the solution can dynamically select the best path for application traffic based on policies. Which component of Cisco SD-WAN is responsible for centralized control plane functions and distributing routing information to the WAN Edge devices?

Easy
55

A network architect is designing a data center network using Cisco ACI. The architect must ensure that traffic between endpoints in different EPGs is allowed only when a contract exists. Which Cisco ACI component is responsible for enforcing these contracts?

Hard
56

A network engineer is designing a large-scale campus network using Cisco SD-Access. The fabric must support thousands of endpoints and provide optimal forwarding paths. Which control plane component is responsible for maintaining the mapping of endpoint IP addresses to fabric edge nodes?

Hard
57

A network administrator is planning a new Cisco Catalyst switch stack and wants to verify that the stacking cables provide redundancy so that the loss of a single stacking link does not split the stack. The switches support StackWise-480. Which cabling practice should the administrator follow to achieve a resilient stack ring?

Easy
58

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-Access fabric and must ensure that the control plane and data plane are properly separated. Which two statements accurately describe the roles of fabric nodes in Cisco SD-Access? (Choose two.)

Medium
59

A network designer is planning a Cisco SD-WAN solution. The customer requires that control plane and data plane traffic be separated, and that the control plane uses a protocol that provides secure, scalable, and resilient overlay topology. Which component of Cisco SD-WAN architecture should the designer use for the control plane?

Hard
60

A network architect is evaluating Cisco SD-Access for a large campus. The architect must ensure the fabric supports policy enforcement based on user identity and group membership, and that the fabric can scale to thousands of endpoints without flooding the underlay. Which two statements are correct about how SD-Access achieves these goals? (Choose two.)

Hard
61

A network architect is designing a WAN with Cisco SD-WAN. The requirement is to ensure that traffic from a branch office to a critical SaaS application is prioritized and uses the best path based on real-time performance metrics. Which Cisco SD-WAN feature should be used to meet this requirement?

Medium
62

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-WAN solution with multiple data centers and a mix of MPLS and Internet transports. The company requires that business-critical traffic (e.g., ERP) always use the MPLS transport, while guest traffic uses the Internet. Which Cisco SD-WAN feature should be used to enforce this policy?

Hard
63

A network engineer is troubleshooting a routing loop in an EIGRP network. Which mechanism is designed to prevent routing loops by causing a router to reject routes that are learned from a neighbor that is not the successor?

Medium
64

A network engineer is designing a QoS policy for a Cisco Catalyst switch that will carry voice, video, and data traffic. The engineer wants to ensure that voice traffic receives strict priority queuing, video traffic gets guaranteed bandwidth, and data traffic uses leftover bandwidth. The switch supports Cisco Modular QoS CLI (MQC). Which queuing mechanism should be configured on the egress interface to meet these requirements?

Hard
65

A network engineer is deploying Cisco SD-Access and needs to ensure that endpoint IP addresses are mapped to fabric locators so that the fabric can forward traffic between wired and wireless clients. Which control-plane node role is responsible for maintaining this mapping database?

Easy
66

A network architect is selecting a switching platform for a data center access layer that must support lossless Ethernet for FCoE. The platform must provide per-priority flow control so that storage traffic can be paused without affecting LAN traffic. Which technology should the architect specify?

Medium
67

A network architect is designing a campus network that must support thousands of endpoints with a fabric overlay. The design requires that the underlay provide fast convergence and equal-cost multipathing without running a separate routing protocol in the overlay. Which underlay routing protocol should be selected to meet these requirements?

Hard
68

A network administrator is deploying QoS in a converged network. Which approach correctly implements trust boundaries and marking?

Medium
69

A network engineer is configuring a Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) for a high-density auditorium. The engineer wants to ensure that clients can roam seamlessly between access points while maintaining consistent security policies. Which Cisco wireless architecture feature should be enabled to allow controllers to share client context and facilitate inter-controller roaming?

Medium
70

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco wireless controller to support a high-density auditorium. The design requires that client devices be evenly distributed across available access points and that roaming be optimized for voice traffic. Which feature should be enabled to achieve these goals?

Medium
71

A network engineer is implementing Cisco SD-Access and needs to ensure that the fabric provides policy-based segmentation and mobility for endpoints. Which component is responsible for maintaining the endpoint location and identity information?

Hard
72

A network architect is designing a QoS policy for a Cisco Catalyst switch. The architect needs to ensure that voice traffic is marked with the appropriate DSCP value for expedited forwarding. Which DSCP value should be used for voice traffic?

Hard
73

A network engineer is deploying Cisco SD-WAN in a hybrid cloud environment. The company requires secure segmentation between guest, employee, and IoT traffic across all branches. The engineer must ensure that traffic from each segment is isolated and that policies can be applied per segment. Which two components are used to achieve this segmentation? (Choose two.)

Hard
74

A network engineer is designing a high-availability solution for a data center using Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI). The engineer wants to ensure that the fabric can continue to operate if a spine switch fails, and that traffic is load-balanced across all available paths. Which statement accurately describes the ACI fabric architecture?

Hard
75

A global enterprise is transitioning from a traditional three-tier campus architecture to a software-defined access (SD-Access) fabric. Which architectural consideration is most critical for the underlay network?

Hard
76

A network architect is designing a new branch office that requires a controller-based wireless solution. The branch has a single Cisco Catalyst 9800-CL appliance and needs to support 802.1X authentication with dynamic VLAN assignment for employee SSIDs. Which deployment mode should the architect use for the access points to meet these requirements with minimal configuration on the APs?

Medium
77

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-WAN fabric for a retail chain with 200 branch sites. The design must provide a single control-plane protocol that distributes routing and policy information between the SD-WAN controllers and the WAN Edge devices, while keeping data-plane traffic direct between branches. Which technology should the architect select for the control plane?

Medium
78

A network administrator is deploying a Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) and access points in a branch office. The administrator wants to ensure that all management traffic between the WLC and APs is encrypted and that APs can discover the WLC across a Layer 3 network. Which protocol should be used for AP-to-WLC communication?

Easy
79

A network engineer is deploying a Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) in a large campus with 500 access points. The engineer must ensure that the WLC can handle the expected client load and that APs can join the controller securely. Which protocol does the AP use to discover and join the WLC, and what is the default secure management protocol for the WLC GUI?

Hard
80

A company is migrating its branch WAN to a Cisco SD-WAN solution. The design team wants to use a single overlay that supports both point-to-point and multipoint traffic, and they want to avoid running separate tunnels for unicast and multicast. Which Cisco SD-WAN technology should they enable on the overlay?

Medium
81

A company is deploying a WAN with MPLS VPN and wants to ensure that customer traffic is isolated from other customers. Which technology is used to maintain separation in the MPLS core?

Medium
82

A network architect is designing a campus fabric using Cisco SD-Access to centralize policy enforcement and simplify segmentation. The design must support endpoint groups for IoT devices and employees, with traffic policy applied consistently across wired and wireless. Which control plane component is responsible for maintaining the mapping between endpoint identifiers and their location in the fabric?

Medium
83

A network administrator is configuring a new Cisco Catalyst switch and needs to ensure that the management VLAN interface is reachable from a remote subnet. The switch currently has no default gateway configured. Which command should be used to allow the switch to communicate with devices on other subnets?

Easy
84

An enterprise is using OSPF in a multi-area design. Area 1 is a regular area, and Area 2 is a totally stubby area. Which LSA types are present in Area 2?

Hard
85

An engineer is troubleshooting intermittent connectivity issues between two data center switches. The link is a 10GE LACP port-channel. Which misconfiguration could cause packet loss?

Medium
86

A network architect is designing a new branch office that requires a controller-based wireless solution with centralized management, but the branch has limited bandwidth and must continue forwarding client traffic locally even if the WAN link to the headquarters controller fails. The branch has a single Cisco Catalyst 9800-L controller and several Cisco Catalyst 9100 access points. Which deployment mode should the architect choose for the access points?

Medium
87

A network engineer is comparing first-hop redundancy options for a campus access layer. The requirement is to provide gateway redundancy for IPv6 hosts while also allowing load sharing between two routers, and the solution must use an open standard rather than a Cisco-proprietary protocol. Which FHRP should the engineer select?

Medium
88

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) for a new office. The office has a mix of corporate laptops and guest devices. The administrator wants to ensure that guest devices can only access the Internet and are isolated from the corporate network. Which WLC feature should be configured to achieve this?

Medium
89

A network architect is designing a new branch office that must support wired and wireless users with a single unified policy and automated onboarding for guests. The design requires centralized management, fabric-based segmentation, and the ability to enforce group-based policies without manual VLAN provisioning at the branch. Which Cisco architecture should be used?

Medium
90

A network engineer is configuring a Cisco wireless LAN controller (WLC) to support a new wireless network for guests. The requirement is that guest clients must be isolated from the corporate network and only have internet access. Which feature should be configured on the WLC?

Medium
91

A network engineer is deploying a new Cisco wireless network using a 9800 Series Wireless Controller. The engineer wants to ensure that the management interface is properly configured for out-of-band management. Which interface type should be configured with an IP address for management access?

Medium
92

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco Catalyst 9000 switch to support a new wireless deployment. The wireless LAN controller is integrated into the switch, and the administrator needs to ensure that the switch can manage access points and provide centralized control. Which feature should be enabled on the switch?

Easy
93

A network architect is designing a Fabric-enabled campus with Cisco SD-Access and must choose the optimal underlay routing protocol. The fabric will use VXLAN data-plane encapsulation, and the architect wants minimal configuration on the intermediate underlay devices while supporting fast convergence and equal-cost multipath. Which underlay routing approach should be recommended?

Medium
94

A network administrator is deploying a new branch office that requires a redundant default gateway for hosts on VLAN 10. The administrator wants to use a Cisco-proprietary protocol that provides sub-second failover and supports load sharing between two routers. Which First Hop Redundancy Protocol should be used?

Easy
95

A network engineer is designing a new branch office that must support wired and wireless users with unified policy enforcement and automation. The company wants to minimize manual configuration and ensure consistent security policies across all access ports. Which Cisco architecture should the engineer recommend?

Medium
96

Match each First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP) to its description.

Medium
97

A network engineer is deploying a new branch office that connects to the headquarters over an MPLS Layer 3 VPN provided by a service provider. The branch has a single CE router running eBGP with the provider PE router. The engineer wants to advertise the branch LAN prefix into the MPLS VPN while keeping the branch routing table simple. Which approach is appropriate?

Easy
98

A network engineer is designing a wireless network for a large auditorium that must support high-density client access. The engineer plans to use Cisco Catalyst 9800 Series Wireless Controllers and Wi-Fi 6 access points. Which feature should be enabled to improve airtime efficiency and reduce overhead for many concurrent clients?

Medium
99

A network engineer is designing a campus network that must support rapid convergence and load balancing across multiple links. The design uses Cisco StackWise Virtual technology on a pair of Catalyst 9000 switches. The engineer wants to ensure that the control plane remains active on both switches and that traffic can be forwarded by both switches simultaneously. Which statement accurately describes the StackWise Virtual operation?

Hard
100

An enterprise campus uses Cisco Catalyst 9000 switches in a StackWise Virtual configuration at the distribution layer. The network team wants dual-homed access switches to use all uplinks simultaneously while avoiding spanning-tree blocking, and they want the distribution pair to appear as a single logical device to routing peers. Which statement describes how StackWise Virtual supports this design?

Hard
101

A network engineer is designing a QoS policy for a campus network. The requirement is that voice traffic must be guaranteed strict priority treatment over all other traffic types, even during congestion. Which queuing mechanism should be configured on the egress interfaces to meet this requirement?

Medium
102

A network engineer is deploying Cisco SD-Access and needs to ensure that endpoint traffic is encapsulated and forwarded between fabric edge nodes. The design uses an overlay that carries Layer 2 and Layer 3 traffic over a Layer 3 underlay. Which protocol does Cisco SD-Access use for the data plane encapsulation in this fabric?

Hard
103

A network engineer is designing a Cisco SD-WAN fabric with two data centers and 200 branch sites. The requirement is that branch sites use direct internet access for SaaS applications while business-critical traffic to the data centers traverses a secure IPsec tunnel. Which Cisco SD-WAN feature should the engineer use to define and enforce these traffic steering policies?

Hard
104

A network architect is designing a new branch office that must support a single physical link carrying traffic for multiple tenants while keeping each tenant's routing and forwarding isolated. The design requires that the branch device maintain separate routing tables and forwarding instances per tenant, all on the same physical interface using 802.1Q encapsulation. Which architecture component should be implemented on the branch router to meet these requirements?

Medium
105

A network architect is deploying a Cisco SD-WAN fabric with a single data center and 40 branch sites. The design requires that all branch sites use a single IPsec tunnel to reach the data center VPN concentrator, and that traffic between branches must transit the data center rather than form direct site-to-site tunnels. Which Cisco SD-WAN topology should the architect select?

Medium
106

A company is deploying an MPLS VPN to connect multiple branch sites to a central data center. The network engineer must ensure that customer traffic is isolated from other customers and that routing information is kept separate. Which two statements are correct about MPLS Layer 3 VPNs? (Choose two.)

Medium
107

A network engineer is planning a new branch office network. The branch will have a single Cisco IOS router that connects to the internet via a GigabitEthernet interface. The engineer wants to configure NAT to allow internal hosts to access the internet. Which NAT type should be configured to allow multiple internal hosts to share the single public IP address?

Easy
108

A network designer is planning a QoS policy for a campus network that carries voice, video, and critical business applications. The design must ensure that voice traffic receives priority treatment with minimal latency and jitter, while preventing starvation of other traffic. Which queuing mechanism should be used on the egress interfaces to meet these requirements?

Hard
109

A network administrator is configuring a new Cisco Catalyst switch and needs to ensure that the management VLAN interface is reachable from a remote subnet. The switch is at its default configuration. Which command must be applied to the management VLAN interface to allow remote management from a different subnet?

Easy
110

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-WAN fabric for a company with 50 branch sites. The company wants to ensure that business-critical traffic (such as VoIP and ERP) is prioritized over best-effort traffic (such as guest internet) across the overlay. The architect plans to use the vManage controller to define an application-aware routing policy. Which component of the Cisco SD-WAN solution is responsible for enforcing the application-aware routing policy on the data plane?

Medium
111

A network engineer is designing a QoS policy for a WAN edge router. The requirement is to ensure that VoIP traffic receives strict priority treatment and that excess VoIP traffic is policed to prevent starvation of other traffic. Which QoS mechanism should be used?

Hard
112

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-Access fabric for a large campus. The architect needs to ensure that the fabric can scale to support thousands of endpoints and that the control plane uses a dedicated protocol for endpoint registration and location. Which component of the SD-Access architecture provides this control plane function?

Medium
113

A network engineer is designing a Cisco SD-Access fabric for a campus network. The fabric must support both wired and wireless clients, and the engineer wants to ensure that traffic from wired endpoints is encapsulated and forwarded through the fabric without requiring the endpoints to change their IP addresses. Which component of the SD-Access architecture is responsible for encapsulating traffic from wired endpoints and forwarding it to the fabric edge?

Hard
114

A network architect is evaluating Cisco StackWise Virtual technology for a pair of Cisco Catalyst 9000 switches that will act as a single logical entity at the distribution layer. Which two statements accurately describe Cisco StackWise Virtual? (Choose two.)

Hard
115

A network engineer is designing a campus network and needs to ensure high availability for the core layer. Which design best practice should be implemented?

Easy
116

A network engineer is designing a QoS policy for a Cisco Catalyst switch. The policy must ensure that voice traffic receives strict priority scheduling, while video and critical data traffic are guaranteed a minimum bandwidth. The engineer decides to use Modular QoS CLI (MQC) to create a policy map. Which queuing mechanism should be configured within the policy map to provide strict priority for voice traffic?

Medium
117

A network architect is designing a QoS policy for a Cisco Catalyst switch that must prioritize voice traffic over all other traffic, while ensuring that bulk data transfers do not starve other applications. The design requires strict priority for voice and a guaranteed minimum bandwidth for business-critical applications. Which two mechanisms should be used together to meet these requirements?

Hard
118

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-WAN fabric for a company with 30 branch sites and two data centers. The architect wants to ensure that control plane information is exchanged securely and that data plane traffic can be forwarded even if the control plane is temporarily unavailable. Which component should be deployed to meet these requirements?

Medium
119

A network engineer is configuring a Cisco IOS switch and needs to assign a specific port to VLAN 20 as an access port. The port is currently in VLAN 1 and is administratively up. Which sequence of interface configuration commands correctly places the port into VLAN 20 as an access port?

Easy
120

A network architect is designing a new branch office that requires a switch to be managed centrally without a dedicated physical controller appliance on-site. The switch must support fabric capabilities and be onboarded using Plug and Play. Which Cisco Catalyst switch platform should be selected?

Medium
121

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-Access fabric for a hospital campus. The fabric must support wired and wireless clients, and the architect wants to ensure that all fabric edge nodes use a consistent mapping of endpoint IP addresses to fabric locations. Which control plane component is responsible for maintaining the endpoint-to-edge-node mapping database?

Medium
122

An engineer is deploying a Cisco SD-WAN solution using Cisco vManage. The company requires that the WAN edge devices authenticate to the controllers using certificates signed by an enterprise PKI rather than the default Cisco-signed certificates. Which component must be configured to issue and manage these certificates?

Medium
123

A network architect is designing a QoS policy for a campus network. The architect needs to ensure that voice traffic is prioritized over all other traffic types, even during congestion. Which queuing mechanism should be used on the egress interface to provide strict priority to voice traffic?

Hard
124

A network engineer is deploying a Cisco SD-Access fabric for a campus network. The fabric consists of border nodes, control plane nodes, edge nodes, and an intermediate node. The engineer needs to ensure that endpoints in the fabric can communicate with external networks such as the data center and the internet. Which component of the SD-Access architecture is responsible for providing connectivity between the fabric and external networks?

Hard
125

A network engineer is configuring a Cisco IOS XE router to support Network Address Translation (NAT) for a small office. The router has an inside interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 and an outside interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1. The engineer wants to translate all inside hosts to the outside interface IP address using PAT. Which configuration snippet correctly implements this?

Medium
126

A network architect at a large university is designing a new campus network that must support seamless roaming for thousands of wireless clients across multiple buildings. The design requires a centralized control plane with a distributed data plane to avoid traffic tromboning. Which Cisco architecture should the architect implement?

Medium
127

A network engineer is implementing Cisco SD-Access for a campus network. The fabric uses LISP for control plane and VXLAN for data plane. The engineer needs to ensure that endpoints in the same VLAN but on different fabric edge nodes can communicate. Which Cisco SD-Access component is responsible for mapping endpoint EIDs to RLOCs?

Hard
128

A network engineer is deploying a Cisco SD-WAN solution using vManage, vSmart, and vBond controllers. The engineer needs to ensure that the data plane is secure and that tunnels are established between WAN edge devices. Which component is responsible for orchestrating the control plane and distributing policies to WAN edge devices?

Medium
129

An engineer is troubleshooting a network where OSPF neighbors are stuck in the EXSTART state. What is the most likely cause?

Hard
130

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-Access fabric for a large enterprise. The fabric will use VXLAN encapsulation and a Layer 3 underlay. The architect must ensure that the fabric supports the separation of policy from topology and allows endpoints to be assigned to virtual networks. Which Cisco SD-Access component is responsible for maintaining the mapping between endpoint IP addresses and their fabric locators, and for providing the control plane that enables fabric edge nodes to resolve endpoint locations?

Hard
131

A network engineer is implementing Cisco SD-Access and needs to ensure that endpoints in a virtual network can communicate with a shared service that resides in a different virtual network. The shared service must be reachable from multiple virtual networks without duplicating the service. Which SD-Access component should be configured to provide this inter-VN communication?

Hard
132

A network engineer is designing a network that uses Cisco SD-Access with a fabric that includes a border node and control plane node. The engineer must ensure that traffic from external networks can reach endpoints within the fabric. Which function does the border node provide in this architecture?

Hard
133

A network engineer is designing a QoS policy for a WAN edge router. The router must prioritize voice traffic with a strict priority queue and ensure that call signaling traffic is not starved. Which queuing mechanism should the engineer configure to meet these requirements?

Medium
134

A network architect is designing a controller-based wireless deployment for a large campus. The customer wants centralized management, policy enforcement, and the ability to deploy a single wireless LAN controller that can handle up to 6,000 access points. Which Cisco platform should the architect recommend?

Medium
135

A network administrator is configuring a Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) for a new office building. The company requires that guest users be isolated from internal users and that guest traffic be tunneled directly to the DMZ. Which feature should the administrator configure on the WLC?

Easy
136

A network administrator is designing a campus network that must support a single management IP address for a pair of Catalyst 9000 switches acting as a collapsed core. The design requires that both switches actively forward traffic, that the control plane operate as one logical device, and that a single configuration file be maintained. Which technology meets these requirements?

Medium
137

A network architect is designing a Cisco SD-Access fabric for a hospital campus. The hospital requires that guest wireless users be allowed access only to the internet, while clinical staff devices must reach internal EHR servers. The fabric uses Cisco DNA Center and Cisco Identity Services Engine for policy. Which fabric component enforces the group-based policy between these user groups?

Medium
138

A network engineer is configuring a Cisco Catalyst switch to participate in a StackWise Virtual domain. The engineer needs to ensure that the two switches form a single logical entity and that the control plane is synchronized. Which statement correctly describes a requirement for StackWise Virtual operation?

Easy
139

An engineer is deploying Cisco SD-Access and wants to separate the roles of the underlay and the fabric overlay. The design must provide a Layer 3 routed underlay using IS-IS, and the fabric edge nodes must register endpoint information with a fabric control-plane node. Which node type in Cisco SD-Access is responsible for mapping endpoint identity to location and answering EID-to-RLOC queries from fabric edge nodes?

Hard
140

Which THREE of the following are benefits of implementing a spine-leaf architecture in a data center?

Easy
141

A network administrator is configuring a new VLAN 100 on a switch and wants to ensure that the VLAN is created and active. Which command is required to create a VLAN in the VLAN database?

Easy
142

A network architect is comparing Cisco StackWise Virtual and traditional StackWise for a new data center access layer. The requirement is that the two switches operate as one logical device while remaining physically separate, with each switch having its own control plane processes that are synchronized, and that the pair support Multichassis EtherChannel to downstream servers. Which statement correctly describes Cisco StackWise Virtual in this scenario?

Hard

Frequently asked questions

What does the Architecture domain cover on the 350-401 exam?
You must design and verify enterprise architectures using SD-WAN, SD-Access, OSPF area types, and QoS. The most important thing is to know how each technology segments, routes, and prioritizes traffic in a given scenario.
How many questions are in this domain?
This page lists all 142 Architecture questions in the 350-401 question bank. The actual exam draws from this domain proportionally to its weighting in the official exam blueprint.
What is the best way to practise this domain?
Start with a short focused session (10 questions) to identify gaps, then work through explanations. Repeat with a longer session once the weak areas feel solid.
Can I practise only Architecture questions?
Yes — the session launcher on this page filters questions to this domain only. Choose any session length for inline explanations and scoring.
encor ENCOR enterprise architecture Practice Questions