SAP-C02 Design for New Solutions Practice Question
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design for new solutions. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is designing a new application that will process sensitive financial data. The data must be encrypted at rest and in transit. The application runs on EC2 instances. Which combination of services meets these requirements?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Enable EBS encryption on the volumes and configure the application to use TLS for all network traffic.
Option D is correct because EBS encryption provides at-rest encryption, and TLS provides in-transit encryption. Option A is wrong because S3 is not used for EC2 volumes. Option B is wrong because KMS alone does not encrypt data. Option C is wrong because ACM manages certificates, not encryption.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
Use Amazon S3 with server-side encryption and enforce HTTPS.
Why it's wrong here
S3 is not for EC2 instance storage; EBS volumes need encryption.
✗
Use AWS Key Management Service (KMS) to generate keys and enable encryption on EBS volumes.
Why it's wrong here
KMS is a key management service, but the instance still needs to use TLS for in-transit encryption.
✗
Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to issue TLS certificates and configure the application to use HTTPS.
Why it's wrong here
ACM provides certificates for in-transit encryption, but at-rest encryption is missing.
✓
Enable EBS encryption on the volumes and configure the application to use TLS for all network traffic.
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SAP-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Design for New Solutions — This question tests Design for New Solutions — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Enable EBS encryption on the volumes and configure the application to use TLS for all network traffic. — Option D is correct because EBS encryption provides at-rest encryption, and TLS provides in-transit encryption. Option A is wrong because S3 is not used for EC2 volumes. Option B is wrong because KMS alone does not encrypt data. Option C is wrong because ACM manages certificates, not encryption.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SAP-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Question Discussion
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