SC-100 Practice Test 8 — 10 Questions

Question 1

A company wants to implement a secure web application gateway to protect their public-facing web apps from common exploits like SQL injection and cross-site scripting. Which Azure service should they use?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Azure Application Gateway with WAF. Azure Application Gateway with WAF is the correct choice because it is a regional, layer-7 load balancer that includes a built-in Web Application Firewall (WAF) specifically designed to protect web applications from common exploits such as SQL injection and cross-site scripting (XSS). The WAF uses OWASP Core Rule Sets (CRS) to inspect HTTP/HTTPS traffic and block malicious payloads at the application layer, making it the ideal service for securing public-facing web apps.

Answer

Azure Front Door with WAF

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Azure Firewall

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Azure DDoS Protection

Question 2

A company is designing a security operations strategy. They want to use Microsoft Sentinel to detect and respond to threats across their hybrid environment. They need to ensure that logs from all sources are collected cost-effectively and that analysts can easily query data. Which data ingestion strategy should they recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use Analytics logs for high-value security logs and Basic logs for verbose logs with low security value.. It balances cost and query performance by routing high-value security logs (e.g., Windows Security Events, network logs) to the Analytics logs table for full KQL query capabilities and retention, while sending verbose, low-security-value logs (e.g., DNS debug, firewall flow logs) to the Basic logs table, which offers lower ingestion cost and limited query features (e.g., no KQL summarization). This tiered approach ensures analysts can efficiently hunt on critical data without incurring unnecessary costs for voluminous, less actionable logs.

Answer

Send all logs to the Basic logs table to reduce costs.

Answer

Send only Windows Security Events to Sentinel.

Answer

Send all logs to the Analytics logs table for full query capabilities.

Question 3

Refer to the exhibit. You are an Azure security engineer reviewing a custom Azure Policy definition. The policy is intended to audit virtual machines to ensure they have the Azure Security extension installed. However, the policy is not triggering on any resources. What is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

The policy condition requires a managed disk, but the VMs might have unmanaged disks.. The policy condition uses `field` to check for `Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/storageProfile.osDisk.managedDisk.id`, which requires the VM to have a managed disk. If the VMs use unmanaged disks (i.e., the `managedDisk` property is absent), the condition evaluates to false, and the `auditIfNotExists` effect never triggers the existence check for the Azure Security extension.

Answer

The 'existenceCondition' field path is incorrect; it should be 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/extensions/publisher'.

Answer

The policy is assigned to a management group, but the VMs are in a subscription under a different management group.

Answer

The policy effect should be 'Deny' instead of 'auditIfNotExists'.

Question 4

You are the security architect for a large financial services company. The company has a hybrid environment with on-premises Active Directory, Azure AD, and multiple Azure subscriptions. They use Microsoft Sentinel as their SIEM and have deployed Microsoft Defender for Cloud to assess their cloud security posture. Recently, the security team discovered that a critical Azure SQL database was exposed to the internet with a firewall rule allowing 'AllowAllWindowsAzureIps'. This misconfiguration was not flagged by Defender for Cloud because the corresponding recommendation was disabled in the security policy. The company wants to prevent such misconfigurations in the future and ensure that all critical resources are covered by security recommendations. They also need to ensure that any changes to security policies are reviewed and approved. Which of the following actions should you recommend as the most comprehensive solution?

Accepted Answer

Review and enable all relevant security recommendations in Defender for Cloud, and implement a change management process using Azure Policy and a custom workflow that requires approval before modifying security policies.. It addresses the root cause—disabled security recommendations—by enabling all relevant recommendations in Defender for Cloud, and it enforces a change management process using Azure Policy with a custom approval workflow. This ensures that any modifications to security policies are reviewed and approved, preventing future misconfigurations like the 'AllowAllWindowsAzureIps' rule from going unnoticed. The combination of policy enforcement and approval workflow provides a comprehensive, automated governance layer that covers both detection and prevention.

Answer

Deploy Azure Monitor alerts on all SQL Server firewall rule changes and instruct the security team to manually review each change.

Answer

Assign the Contributor role to the security team on the subscription so they can directly modify firewall rules if needed.

Answer

Enable the specific recommendation for SQL Server firewall rules in Defender for Cloud and set up an automation rule to send alerts when the recommendation is triggered.

Question 5

Your organization wants to implement a security information and event management (SIEM) solution that can ingest logs from multiple sources, including on-premises servers, Azure resources, and third-party SaaS applications. Which Microsoft service should you choose?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Sentinel. Microsoft Sentinel is the correct choice because it is a cloud-native SIEM solution specifically designed to ingest logs from diverse sources, including on-premises servers, Azure resources, and third-party SaaS applications, using built-in connectors for over 100 data sources. It provides centralized security analytics, threat detection, and incident response, making it the appropriate service for this multi-source log ingestion requirement.

Answer

Microsoft Purview

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud

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Azure Monitor

Question 6

A security architect needs to design a solution that provides a unified view of security alerts from multiple clouds (Azure, AWS, GCP) and on-premises systems. The solution must also support automated response using playbooks. Which Microsoft service should they use?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Sentinel. Microsoft Sentinel is the correct choice because it is a cloud-native SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) and SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response) solution that ingests security alerts from multiple clouds (Azure, AWS, GCP) and on-premises systems via connectors. It supports automated response through playbooks built on Azure Logic Apps, enabling unified alert management and remediation workflows.

Answer

Microsoft Defender XDR

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud

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Microsoft Purview

Question 7

A company plans to implement a Zero Trust architecture using Microsoft security solutions. They want to ensure that all access to corporate resources is verified explicitly, uses least privilege, and assumes breach. Which Microsoft service should be the central policy engine for enforcing conditional access decisions?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Entra ID Conditional Access. Microsoft Entra ID Conditional Access is the correct central policy engine because it directly enforces Zero Trust principles by evaluating signals (user, device, location, risk) in real time to grant or block access. It acts as the policy decision point (PDP) that enforces explicit verification, least privilege, and assumes breach by requiring continuous authentication and authorization for every access request.

Answer

Microsoft Defender for Cloud

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Microsoft Sentinel

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Microsoft Intune

Question 8

A company uses Microsoft Defender for Endpoint to protect endpoints. They want to configure attack surface reduction rules to block executable files from running unless they meet a specific prevalence, age, or trust level. Which ASR rule should they enable?

Accepted Answer

Block executable files from running unless they meet a prevalence, age, or trusted list criteria. The ASR rule 'Block executable files from running unless they meet a prevalence, age, or trusted list criteria' (GUID: 01443614-cd74-433a-b99e-2ecdc07bfc25) is specifically designed to block executables that do not meet Microsoft's cloud-based prevalence, age, or trustworthiness criteria. This rule uses the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph to evaluate files against global telemetry, blocking those that are new, rare, or unsigned, which directly matches the requirement to block executables based on prevalence, age, or trust level.

Answer

Block Office communication application from creating child processes

Answer

Block credential stealing from the Windows local security authority subsystem

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Block untrusted and unsigned processes that run from USB

Question 9

Your organization uses Microsoft Defender XDR to correlate alerts across endpoints, email, and identities. You need to create a custom detection rule that triggers when a user receives a phishing email and then attempts to log in from a new location. Which approach should you use?

Accepted Answer

Use Advanced Hunting to create a custom detection rule. Advanced Hunting in Microsoft Defender XDR allows you to write Kusto Query Language (KQL) queries that correlate events across multiple data tables (e.g., EmailEvents, IdentityLogonEvents). You can then create a custom detection rule from that query, which will trigger an alert when a user receives a phishing email and subsequently logs in from a new location, enabling cross-domain correlation within Defender XDR.

Answer

Create a custom detection rule in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

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Use an automation rule in Microsoft Defender XDR

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Create an analytics rule in Microsoft Sentinel

Question 10

Your organization uses Microsoft Purview and needs to prevent users from copying sensitive data to USB drives. Which solution should you implement?

Accepted Answer

Endpoint data loss prevention (DLP). Endpoint DLP is the correct solution because it extends data loss prevention policies to endpoints, enabling the detection and blocking of sensitive data being copied to removable USB drives. Unlike other controls, Endpoint DLP can monitor and restrict data exfiltration actions at the device level, such as copying files to USB media, based on the content's sensitivity classification.

Answer

Sensitivity labels with encryption

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Insider Risk Management

Answer

Communication Compliance