Project Life Cycle

During which project phase is the project charter typically created and approved?

A project manager is developing a network diagram and needs to represent an activity that can start only after its predecessor has finished. Which dependency type does this describe?

A project manager is using the power/interest grid to classify stakeholders. Which group should be managed most closely because they have high power and high interest?

A project has an Earned Value (EV) of $50,000, Actual Cost (AC) of $60,000, and Planned Value (PV) of $55,000. What is the Cost Performance Index (CPI), and what does it indicate?

Which risk response strategy involves taking action to reduce the probability or impact of a risk?

A project manager is estimating the cost of a new software development project. She uses the actual cost of a similar past project and adjusts for differences in size and complexity. Which estimation technique is she using?

During which stage of Tuckman's team development model do team members begin to resolve conflicts and establish norms?

A project manager is calculating the Expected Monetary Value (EMV) for a risk event. The probability of the risk occurring is 20%, and the impact if it occurs is $50,000. What is the EMV?

A project manager is creating a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS). Which technique is used to break down deliverables into smaller, manageable components?

In a project, the critical path has a duration of 100 days. Activity X on the critical path has a duration of 10 days and can be crashed to 7 days at an additional cost of $3,000. What is the crash cost per day for Activity X?

A vendor is hired to provide a service with a fixed price of $100,000, regardless of actual costs incurred. Which contract type is this?

A project team is entering the Storming stage of Tuckman's model. Which TWO characteristics are typical of this stage?

A project manager is planning risk responses for identified risks. Which THREE are valid risk response strategies?

During project closing, which TWO activities are typically performed?

A project manager is developing the project charter. Which of the following should be included as a key element of the project charter?

During project planning, the project manager creates a network diagram. Activity A has a duration of 5 days, Activity B has a duration of 3 days, and Activity C has a duration of 4 days. Activities A and B can start immediately. Activity C can start only after Activity A is complete. Activity B has no dependency on others. What is the duration of the critical path?

A project is in the monitoring and controlling phase. The project manager is reviewing the earned value metrics: EV = $50,000, PV = $60,000, AC = $55,000. Which of the following statements is correct?

A project team is experiencing conflicts and power struggles among members. According to Tuckman's stages of group development, which stage is the team likely in?

A project manager is evaluating risk responses. For a risk with high probability and high impact, which risk response strategy is most appropriate to eliminate the threat?

In a power/interest grid, stakeholders with high power and low interest should be managed with which approach?

A project manager is estimating costs for a new software development project. The company has completed three similar projects in the past. Which cost estimation technique is most appropriate in this scenario?

During project closing, which of the following is the primary purpose of the lessons learned document?

A project manager has identified a risk that could cause a $50,000 loss with a 20% probability. What is the Expected Monetary Value (EMV) of this risk?

A project has a cost performance index (CPI) of 1.2 and a schedule performance index (SPI) of 0.9. Which of the following is true?

A project manager is assigning resources to activities. Activity X requires a specialized skill that is only available from a contractor. The project manager decides to hire the contractor. Which TWO documents are most likely to be used to define the work and terms for this contractor? (Select TWO).

During project execution, the project manager notices that the team is struggling with communication, and key stakeholders are not receiving timely updates. Which THREE documents should the project manager review to improve the situation? (Select THREE).

A project manager is closing a project. Which THREE activities are part of the project closure process? (Select THREE).

During which project phase is the project charter created?

A project manager is analyzing stakeholders and categorizes a key executive who has high power and high interest. According to the power/interest grid, how should the project manager engage this stakeholder?

In a network diagram, Activity A has a duration of 5 days, Activity B has 3 days, and Activity C has 4 days. Activity A and B can start simultaneously, but Activity C cannot start until both A and B are complete. What is the critical path duration?

Which cost estimation technique uses historical data from similar projects to estimate the current project?

A project team is in the storming stage of Tuckman's model. Which behavior is most likely observed?

A project has earned value (EV) of $50,000, planned value (PV) of $60,000, and actual cost (AC) of $55,000. What is the cost performance index (CPI)?

A project manager identifies a risk with a probability of 30% and an impact of $50,000. What is the expected monetary value (EMV) of this risk?

A change request is submitted to add a new feature to a project. What is the first step the project manager should take?

Which contract type places the most cost risk on the seller?

A project has a budget at completion (BAC) of $200,000, earned value (EV) of $120,000, and actual cost (AC) of $130,000. What is the estimate at completion (EAC) if the cost performance is expected to continue?

Which of the following is an example of a risk response strategy to avoid a risk?

A project manager is developing a communication plan. Which two elements should be included in the plan? (Select TWO)

During project closure, which three activities should be performed? (Select THREE)

A project manager is creating a WBS. Which two best practices should be followed? (Select TWO)

A project manager is leading a cross-functional team that is working together for the first time. The team members are polite but hesitant to share ideas. According to Tuckman's stages of group development, which stage is the team currently in?

During project planning, a project manager is decomposing the project scope into smaller components. Which document is being created, and what is the lowest level of decomposition called?

A project manager is estimating the cost of a new software development project. They use historical data from a similar project to derive the cost per function point and multiply it by the expected number of function points. Which estimation technique is being used?

A project manager identifies a key stakeholder who has high interest in the project but low power to influence decisions. In the power/interest grid, where should this stakeholder be placed?

During project execution, a team member proposes a change that will add a new feature to the product. The project manager documents the change request and analyzes its impact on scope, schedule, and cost. Who is typically responsible for approving or rejecting the change?

A project has a cost performance index (CPI) of 1.2 and a schedule performance index (SPI) of 0.8. What does this indicate about the project?

In which project management process group is the project charter formally approved, giving the project manager authority to allocate resources?

A project manager is preparing a procurement document that asks vendors to provide a price for a specific product. Which type of document is this?

A project manager is evaluating a risk with a probability of 30% and an impact of $50,000. What is the expected monetary value (EMV) of this risk?

A project has a budget at completion (BAC) of $200,000. The actual cost (AC) is $80,000, earned value (EV) is $60,000, and planned value (PV) is $90,000. What is the estimate at completion (EAC) if the project will continue to perform at the same cost efficiency?

Which of the following is the primary purpose of a feasibility study during the initiating phase?

A project manager is conducting a lessons learned session at the end of a project. Which TWO activities are typically performed during project closure? (Select two.)

During project planning, the project manager is creating a risk register. Which THREE pieces of information are typically included in a risk register? (Select three.)

A project manager is developing the project charter. Which of the following should be included as a key element in the charter to define the project's boundaries?

In the stakeholder power/interest grid, stakeholders with high power and low interest should be managed using which strategy?

During the planning phase, a project manager is creating the WBS. Which of the following best describes the process of breaking down deliverables into smaller, more manageable components?

A project has three activities on the critical path. Activity A has a duration of 5 days, Activity B has a duration of 3 days, and Activity C has a duration of 4 days. What is the total float for any activity on the critical path?

Which cost estimation technique uses historical data from similar projects to estimate the cost of the current project?

A project manager identifies a risk that could cause a $50,000 loss with a 20% probability. What is the expected monetary value (EMV) of this risk?

During the executing phase, a project manager observes that team members are starting to collaborate and share ideas openly. According to Tuckman's stages of team development, which stage is the team likely in?

A project manager needs to communicate project progress to stakeholders who have low power and high interest. Which of the following is the most appropriate communication method?

A project manager is reviewing the procurement process. Which document is used to invite vendors to submit a proposal for a project?

In a fixed-price contract, which party bears the risk of cost overruns?

A project has earned value (EV) of $120,000, planned value (PV) of $100,000, and actual cost (AC) of $110,000. What is the cost performance index (CPI)?

A project manager is closing a project. Which TWO activities should be performed during project closure? (Select two.)

A project manager is performing quantitative risk analysis. Which THREE of the following techniques are commonly used? (Select three.)

During the initiating phase of a project, a project charter is created. Which of the following is typically included in a project charter?

A project manager is identifying stakeholders and analyzing their influence on the project. Using a power/interest grid, which group should the project manager 'manage closely'?

A project team is decomposing the project scope into work packages. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?

In a network diagram using PDM, activity B can start only after activity A has finished. Which dependency type does this represent?

A project manager is estimating the cost of a new software development project. Since the project is similar to a previous one, the manager uses the cost of the previous project as a basis, adjusting for known differences. Which cost estimation technique is being used?

During risk management, a team identifies a risk with a 20% probability of occurrence and a potential cost impact of $50,000. What is the Expected Monetary Value (EMV) of this risk?

A project team is in the storming stage of Tuckman's model. Which of the following behaviors is most likely to be observed?

A project manager is developing a communication plan. Which of the following should be determined first?

During project execution, a vendor is hired to provide specialized services. The contract is structured so that the vendor is paid for all allowable costs plus a fixed fee. Which type of contract is this?

A project manager receives a status report showing that the project's SPI is 0.9. What does this indicate?

A change request to add a new feature has been submitted. After impact analysis, the change control board (CCB) approves the change. What should the project manager do next?

A project manager is closing a project. Which TWO activities are typically performed during the closing phase?

A project manager is monitoring project performance. Which TWO earned value metrics are used to assess cost efficiency?

During which project phase is the project charter created and the project manager officially assigned?

A project manager is estimating the cost of a new software development project. The project is similar to a previous project that cost $500,000. The PM adjusts for size and complexity and estimates the new project will cost $600,000. Which estimation technique is being used?

In a network diagram, Activity B has a duration of 5 days. Its predecessor is Activity A (duration 3 days) with a finish-to-start relationship. Activity C (duration 4 days) has a start-to-start relationship with Activity B with a 2-day lag. What is the earliest day Activity C can start?

Which document contains all identified risks, their probability and impact, and planned response strategies?

A project manager needs to communicate the project's progress to stakeholders with high power and low interest. According to the power/interest grid, which communication approach is most appropriate?

A project has an Earned Value (EV) of $50,000, Planned Value (PV) of $60,000, and Actual Cost (AC) of $55,000. What is the cost performance index (CPI) and what does it indicate?

A change request to add a new feature is submitted. The project manager performs an impact analysis and presents it to the Change Control Board (CCB). The CCB approves the change. What is the next step?

A project manager is decomposing the project scope into smaller components. Which output is produced?

During project closing, which activity is performed to formally obtain acceptance of the project deliverables from the sponsor or customer?

A project is in the Executing phase. The project manager needs to ensure effective communication with stakeholders. Which THREE elements should be included in the communications management plan? (Select THREE.)

A project has a cost performance index (CPI) of 0.8 and a schedule performance index (SPI) of 1.2. Which TWO conclusions can be drawn? (Select TWO.)

A project manager is in the process of developing the project charter. Which of the following would be included in the project charter?

During project planning, the project manager decomposes the project scope into smaller, more manageable components. What is the resulting document called?

In a precedence diagramming method (PDM) network, a successor activity cannot start until its predecessor activity has started. Which type of dependency does this represent?

A project has a critical path duration of 45 days. Activity X on the critical path has an optimistic duration of 5 days, a pessimistic duration of 13 days, and a most likely duration of 8 days. What is the expected duration of activity X using PERT?

Which of the following is a common response strategy for negative risks (threats) that involves reducing the probability or impact of the risk?

A project manager has identified a stakeholder with high power and high interest. According to the power/interest grid, how should this stakeholder be managed?

During project execution, the project team is experiencing conflicts and questioning the project manager's authority. According to Tuckman's model, which stage is the team in?

A project manager is estimating costs for a new project using a top-down approach based on historical data from a similar project. Which estimation technique is being used?

In earned value management, the project has an EV of $50,000, PV of $60,000, and AC of $55,000. What is the cost variance (CV)?

A project manager receives a change request from a stakeholder. What is the first step the project manager should take?

A project has a budget at completion (BAC) of $200,000. The earned value (EV) is $120,000, and the actual cost (AC) is $150,000. What is the estimate to complete (ETC) assuming the project will continue to perform at the same cost efficiency?

Which type of contract places the greatest cost risk on the seller?

Which TWO documents are typically created during the project initiating phase?

During project closing, which THREE activities should be performed?

A project manager is evaluating the cost performance of a project. Which TWO earned value metrics should be used to determine if the project is over budget?

During which project phase is the project charter created and the project manager formally assigned?

A project manager is developing a network diagram for a software rollout. Activity D (3 days) can start only after Activity C (2 days) finishes, and Activity E (4 days) can start when Activity C starts. Activities D and E must both finish before Activity F (1 day) begins. What type of dependency exists between Activity C and Activity E?

A project has an Earned Value (EV) of $50,000, Planned Value (PV) of $60,000, and Actual Cost (AC) of $55,000. Which TWO statements are true regarding the project's performance? (Choose two.)

A project manager is assigning stakeholders to quadrants on a power/interest grid. Which stakeholders require the most active management?

Which document formally authorizes a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources?

A project team is estimating costs for a new software development project. They use data from a similar previous project and adjust for size differences. Which estimating technique is being used?

During project execution, a team member identifies a potential risk that was not included in the risk register. The project manager logs it and begins the risk assessment process. Where should this risk be recorded?

A project manager is using a risk probability and impact matrix. A risk has a probability of 0.3 and an impact of $50,000. What is the expected monetary value (EMV) of this risk?

In which Tuckman stage do team members begin to resolve their differences, establish norms, and develop closer relationships?

A project team is in the process of obtaining seller responses, evaluating proposals, and awarding a contract. Which procurement document is used to formally request a proposal from potential sellers?

During project closing, which activity involves obtaining formal acceptance from the customer or sponsor that deliverables meet requirements?

A project manager is analyzing the critical path of a network diagram. Which TWO statements about the critical path are true?

During which phase of the project life cycle is the project charter created and stakeholders initially identified?

What is the primary purpose of a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) in project planning?

Which project management process group involves obtaining formal acceptance of the project deliverables and archiving project documents?

A project manager is estimating the cost of a software development project. Using data from a similar past project, she adjusts for size and complexity. Which estimation technique is she using?

In a network diagram, if Activity B cannot start until Activity A is complete, what type of dependency is this?

A project has an EV of $40,000, PV of $50,000, and AC of $45,000. What is the cost performance index (CPI)?

A project manager identifies a risk that a key team member might leave during the project. To reduce the impact, she cross-trains other team members. Which risk response strategy is being applied?

According to Tuckman's model, during which stage do team members begin to resolve conflicts and establish norms?

A project manager uses a power/interest grid to categorize stakeholders. Stakeholders with high power and low interest should be managed using which approach?

During project execution, a team member proposes a change that will affect the scope baseline. What is the first step the project manager should take?

A project has a budget at completion (BAC) of $200,000. The earned value (EV) is $100,000, actual cost (AC) is $120,000, and planned value (PV) is $90,000. What is the estimate at completion (EAC) if the project will continue to perform at the current cost performance index (CPI)?

A project manager is calculating the critical path. The network diagram shows two paths: Path A: A(3 days) → B(4 days) → C(2 days) = 9 days; Path B: D(5 days) → E(1 day) → F(3 days) = 9 days. Both have total float of zero. What is the total float for an activity on Path A?

A project has a CPI of 0.9 and an SPI of 1.1. Which two statements are true? (Select TWO.)

During the planning phase, which three documents are typically created? (Select THREE.)

A project manager is developing a communication plan. Which two factors should be considered for each stakeholder? (Select TWO.)

A project manager is creating a document that formally authorizes the project and assigns the project manager. This document includes the business case, high-level scope, and budget constraints. What is this document called?

During project planning, the team creates a hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team. Each descending level represents an increasingly detailed definition of the project work. What is this called?

A project has three activities: Activity A (5 days), Activity B (7 days), Activity C (4 days). Activity B depends on A. Activity C depends on B. What is the total float for Activity B?

A project manager is estimating the cost of a software development project. She uses the actual cost of a similar past project and adjusts it for known differences in size and complexity. Which cost estimation technique is she using?

A project manager is calculating the cost performance index (CPI) for a project. The earned value (EV) is $50,000 and the actual cost (AC) is $60,000. What does the CPI indicate? (Select TWO correct statements.)

A project is in the Monitoring and Controlling phase. A change request has been submitted to add a new feature. The change control board (CCB) has approved the change. Which THREE actions should the project manager take next?

During project closing, a project manager must complete several activities. Which TWO are appropriate for project closure?

A project manager is estimating activity durations for a construction project. She uses a parametric estimate based on 100 square meters per day. If the total area is 500 square meters, the estimated duration is 5 days. Which THREE statements are true about parametric estimation?

A project manager is closing a project that was terminated early because the business case was no longer viable. The sponsor asks what must still be completed before the project can be formally closed. Which of the following should the project manager do?

A project manager is closing out a project that was terminated early by the sponsor due to shifting business priorities. The deliverables were only partially completed, and several contracts remain open. What should the project manager do FIRST?

A project manager is developing the project schedule and needs to determine the critical path. The network diagram shows: Task A (3 days) and Task B (5 days) start concurrently. Task C (4 days) depends on both A and B. Task D (2 days) depends on C. Task E (6 days) depends on A only and runs in parallel with C and D. What is the duration of the critical path?

A project manager is working on a construction project that must comply with local building codes. A new regulation is introduced mid-project that requires additional safety features not in the original scope. The project manager documents the change and submits it to the change control board. What should the project manager do NEXT?

A project manager is developing the project management plan for a new product development project. The organization has a PMO that provides templates and standards. Which TWO components are typically included in the project management plan? (Choose two.)

A project manager is closing out a project that was cancelled by the sponsor before any deliverables were completed. The sponsor asks what must still be performed before the project can be formally closed. Which activity should the project manager complete?

A project manager is closing out a project that was cancelled by the sponsor before completion. The sponsor wants to capture lessons learned and release the team. Which activity should the project manager perform FIRST?

A project manager is initiating a new project and needs to formally authorize the project and assign the project manager. Which document provides this authorization?

A project manager is leading a small software development project. The team is co-located and has daily stand-up meetings. The project sponsor requests a weekly status report. Which communication method is the project manager using for the daily stand-ups?

A project manager is preparing the project charter for a new initiative. The sponsor asks which element must be included in the charter to authorize the project. What should the project manager include?

During the Planning phase of a construction project, the project manager learns that a required environmental permit will take twelve weeks to obtain, while the site preparation activity is scheduled to start in four weeks. The permit is mandatory before site preparation can begin. What should the project manager do FIRST?

A project manager is leading a project through the Initiating phase. The sponsor asks what the primary purpose of the project charter is. What should the project manager explain?

A project manager is leading a project using a predictive life cycle. During the Executing phase, a stakeholder requests a significant change to the project scope. The project manager follows the change control process. After the change control board (CCB) approves the change, what should the project manager do NEXT?

During the Planning phase, a project manager is building the work breakdown structure (WBS) for a construction project. Which TWO characteristics must the WBS satisfy? (Choose two.)

A project manager is using a predictive life cycle for a regulatory compliance project with fixed milestones imposed by law. The sponsor now wants to introduce iterative development so requirements can be refined as regulations are clarified. Which project life cycle characteristic best supports combining these needs?

A project manager is closing out a project that delivered a new payroll system. The customer has formally accepted the final deliverable, and all invoices have been paid. Before releasing the team and archiving records, which activity should the project manager perform?

A project manager is performing qualitative risk analysis and must prioritize risks for response planning. The project has limited budget and tight schedule. Which action should the project manager take to prioritize risks effectively?

A project manager is in the Closing phase of a project to implement a new customer relationship management (CRM) system. The project scope has been completed, and the product has been accepted by the customer. Which activity should the project manager perform next?

A project manager has just received formal sign-off on the project charter from the sponsor. The project involves a new CRM system for a mid-sized company. What is the most appropriate immediate next step in the project life cycle?

A project manager learns that a regulatory change will require an additional compliance review not included in the approved scope baseline. The change is mandatory to keep the project legally compliant. What should the project manager do first?

A project manager is preparing for the first phase gate review of a new product development effort. The gate requires that predetermined exit criteria be met before the next phase can begin. Which action best demonstrates that the project manager understands the purpose of a phase gate?

A project manager is preparing for the Closing phase of a project that has been completed successfully. Which TWO activities are part of the Close Project or Phase process? (Choose two.)

During the Initiating phase of a construction project, the project manager learns that the sponsoring organization will not commit funding until the document that formally authorizes the project and names the project manager exists. Which document should the project manager produce?

A project manager is preparing for the first phase gate review. The sponsor wants assurance that the phase has met its exit criteria before funding the next phase. Which activity best supports this decision?

A project manager is leading a construction project that follows a predictive life cycle. The sponsor asks for a document that formally authorizes the project and gives the project manager authority to apply organizational resources. Which document should the project manager provide?

A project manager is developing a project schedule for a construction project. The team has identified all activities and their dependencies. The project manager needs to determine the longest path through the network diagram to identify the shortest possible project duration. Which technique should the project manager use?

A project manager is developing the project schedule and needs to determine the earliest date the project can finish. The team has identified all activities and their dependencies. Which technique should the project manager use?

A project manager has just received formal approval of the project charter from the sponsor. The organization uses a predictive (waterfall) approach and requires a documented baseline before any build work begins. Which activity should the project manager perform NEXT in the project life cycle?

A project manager is planning a data center migration that will occur during a mandatory freeze on production changes. Which constraint type does this represent?

A project manager is initiating a new project and needs to identify the key stakeholders. Which document typically provides the initial list of stakeholders and their roles?

A project manager is executing a project when a team member reports that a critical vendor has missed a delivery deadline, threatening the project schedule. Which action should the project manager take FIRST?

A project is in the Closing phase. The project manager has obtained final acceptance of the product from the customer and has transferred the product to operations. Which activity should be performed next as part of closing the project?

A project manager is performing quality control on a software development project. The team has completed coding and is now testing the software. The project manager wants to identify the root cause of defects that are being found during testing. Which TWO tools or techniques should the project manager use? (Choose two.)

A project is transitioning from the planning phase to the executing phase. The project manager must ensure the team is prepared to begin work. Which THREE activities should be performed during this transition? (Choose three.)

A project manager is planning a system migration with a fixed regulatory deadline. The sponsor asks how the team will know whether the project remains on track to finish by that date without waiting for the final status report. Which planning artifact should the project manager produce to answer this?

A project manager is analyzing project performance and calculates a cost performance index (CPI) of 0.85 and a schedule performance index (SPI) of 1.10. Which conclusion should the project manager draw from these metrics?

A project manager is moving a project from Planning into Executing. The sponsor asks which activities formally mark the transition and enable the team to begin producing deliverables. Which TWO activities should the project manager identify? (Choose two.)

A project manager is preparing for the Closing phase of a project that involved an external vendor. Which TWO activities are essential to formally close the project? (Choose two.)

A project manager is leading a project to develop a new mobile application. The project is in the Executing phase. A team member reports that a key feature cannot be completed as specified due to a technical limitation. The project manager needs to evaluate the impact of this issue on the project constraints. Which document should the project manager review first?

A project manager is leading a project to deploy a new customer relationship management (CRM) system. The project is in the Executing phase, and the team has just completed the first sprint. During a review, the project manager notices that the team is not following the agreed-upon coding standards, leading to inconsistent code quality. Which of the following actions should the project manager take FIRST to address this issue?

A project manager is executing a project and a team member reports that a purchased component does not meet the specifications stated in the procurement agreement. The project manager must document and pursue a remedy. Which TWO activities should the project manager perform? (Choose two.)

A project manager is using a predictive life cycle for a regulatory compliance project with a fixed submission deadline. Midway through execution, a new regulation is announced that will take effect before the submission date. Which action best reflects adaptive life cycle thinking while preserving the deadline?

A project manager is working on a project that follows an adaptive (agile) life cycle. The team is in the middle of an iteration and the product owner wants to introduce a new requirement. What is the most appropriate action for the project manager to take?

A project manager is leading a project to implement a new enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. The project is in the Closing phase. The project manager has verified that all deliverables have been accepted by the customer and all invoices have been paid. However, the project manager realizes that the lessons learned repository has not been updated. Which of the following should the project manager do?

During execution of a construction project, a subcontractor uncovers an unrecorded underground utility line, forcing a redesign of a foundation section. The project manager records this in the issue log and submits a change request. Which characteristic of this event determines how it should be classified and handled through the change control process?

A project manager is closing a phase of a multi-phase program. The phase deliverables have been accepted by the customer, but several team members will continue into the next phase. Which activity should the project manager perform as part of closing this phase?

A project manager is leading a project to develop a new mobile application. The project is in the Planning phase. The project manager is identifying and documenting the high-level risks that could affect the project. Which two of the following should the project manager include in the risk register? (Choose two.)