FC0-U71 Practice Exam 59 — 20 Questions

Question 1

Refer to the exhibit. A user can successfully ping the local default gateway but cannot ping an external IP address. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The internet connection is down. Since the user can successfully ping the local default gateway, the Layer 2 and Layer 3 connectivity within the local subnet is intact, ruling out issues with the NIC, subnet mask, or local routing. The failure to ping an external IP address indicates that traffic is not being forwarded beyond the local network, which most commonly occurs when the internet connection (WAN link) is down or the ISP's upstream router is unreachable.

Answer

The network interface card is faulty

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The DNS server is not responding

Answer

The subnet mask is misconfigured

Question 2

A developer is writing a program that processes whole numbers only. Which data type should be used?

Accepted Answer

Integer. (Integer) because the program processes whole numbers only, and the integer data type is specifically designed to store non-fractional numeric values without decimal points. In most programming languages, integers are stored as 32-bit or 64-bit binary values, making them efficient for arithmetic operations on whole numbers.

Answer

Float

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String

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Boolean

Question 3

In a relational database, which constraint ensures that a foreign key value matches an existing primary key value in the referenced table?

Accepted Answer

Foreign key constraint. Referential integrity is enforced by foreign key constraints, ensuring that relationships between tables remain consistent.

Answer

Primary key constraint

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Check constraint

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Unique constraint

Question 4

A banking transaction transfers money from savings to checking. The system updates the savings balance, then the power fails before the checking balance is updated. Which ACID property is violated?

Accepted Answer

Atomicity. Atomicity ensures that a transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit of work. In this scenario, the transfer operation consists of two steps: deducting from savings and crediting to checking. Because the power failure occurs after the savings balance is updated but before the checking balance is updated, the transaction is left partially completed, violating atomicity. The system must either complete both steps or roll back the first step to maintain atomicity.

Answer

Isolation

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Durability

Answer

Consistency

Question 5

A development team is using version control for their project. They need to isolate a new feature from the main codebase until it is complete. Which version control operation should they perform?

Accepted Answer

Branch. Branching creates a separate line of development within a version control system (e.g., Git, Mercurial), allowing the team to work on a new feature in isolation without affecting the main codebase (often called 'main' or 'master'). Once the feature is complete and tested, the branch can be merged back. This directly addresses the requirement to isolate work until it is finished.

Answer

Merge

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Commit

Answer

Push

Question 6

Which TWO of the following are input devices? (Select two.)

Accepted Answer

Mouse. A mouse is an input device because it captures physical movement and button clicks, converting them into digital signals that the computer interprets to control the cursor or execute commands. It sends data to the system rather than receiving or outputting information, which is the defining characteristic of an input device.

Answer

Printer

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Monitor

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Speaker

Question 7

A project team is in the phase where they gather business requirements, define project scope, and create a project plan. This phase occurs before any design or coding begins. Which SDLC phase is being described?

Accepted Answer

Planning. (Planning) is correct because the SDLC Planning phase is specifically where business requirements are gathered, project scope is defined, and a project plan is created before any design or coding begins. This phase establishes the high-level goals, feasibility, and resource allocation that drive all subsequent phases.

Answer

Implementation

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Analysis

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Design

Question 8

Which THREE of the following are best practices for creating secure passwords?

Accepted Answer

Change password every 90 days. Regular password changes (e.g., every 90 days) limit the window of exposure if a password is compromised. This practice aligns with NIST SP 800-63B guidelines, which recommend periodic rotation to mitigate risks from credential theft or brute-force attacks.

Answer

Use the same password for all accounts for memorability

Answer

Use personal information like birthdate

Question 9

A company is moving its email system to a cloud provider. The provider offers the software, platform, and infrastructure. Which TWO cloud service models are being used? (Select TWO.)

Accepted Answer

PaaS (Platform as a Service). The company is moving its own email system, not using the provider's email software. Therefore, they are not using SaaS. Instead, they are using IaaS to host the email servers and PaaS for platform services, as the provider offers both infrastructure and platform along with software.

Answer

SaaS (Software as a Service)

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Public cloud

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Hybrid cloud

Question 10

A developer needs to repeat a set of instructions exactly 10 times. Which programming construct should be used?

Accepted Answer

For loop. A for loop is the correct construct because it is specifically designed to execute a block of code a predetermined number of times, such as exactly 10 iterations. The loop's initialization, condition, and increment/decrement components allow precise control over the repetition count, making it ideal for this requirement.

Answer

Variable

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Function

Answer

If-else statement

Question 11

A small e-commerce company uses a monolithic web application hosted on a single server. During peak shopping hours, the server becomes overloaded, causing slow page loads and occasional timeouts. The development team wants to improve scalability and maintainability. They are considering breaking the application into smaller, independent services that can be developed, deployed, and scaled separately. Which approach should the team adopt?

Accepted Answer

Migrate to a microservices architecture.. Microservices architecture involves decomposing an application into small, independent services. Option A is correct. Option B is incorrect because serverless computing is a cloud execution model, not an architecture specific to breaking up a monolith; it still requires code to be structured. Option C is incorrect because service-oriented architecture (SOA) is similar but typically relies on an enterprise service bus (ESB) for communication, which can create a single point of failure and is less granular than microservices. Option D is incorrect because containerization packages the application into containers but does not inherently split the monolith; the app remains monolithic unless the code is refactored.

Answer

Move the application to a serverless computing platform.

Answer

Implement a service-oriented architecture (SOA) with an enterprise service bus.

Answer

Containerize the existing monolithic application.

Question 12

Which THREE of the following are examples of social engineering attacks?

Accepted Answer

Tailgating. Tailgating (option C) is a social engineering attack where an unauthorized person follows an authorized individual into a restricted area. Shoulder surfing (option E) is a social engineering attack where an attacker observes a victim's screen or keyboard to obtain sensitive information. Phishing (option D) is a social engineering attack that uses deceptive emails or websites to trick users into revealing personal information. All three rely on psychological manipulation or human behavior. Adware (option A) is a type of malware, and spoofing (option B) is a technical attack involving impersonation.

Answer

Adware

Answer

Spoofing

Question 13

Which TWO of the following are advantages of using a virtual private network (VPN) for remote employees?

Accepted Answer

Provides encrypted communication. Options B and C are correct. VPNs provide encrypted communication (B) and allow access to internal resources (C). Option A is incorrect because a VPN does not eliminate the need for antivirus software; it only secures the connection. Option D is incorrect because VPNs do not directly reduce hardware costs; they may require additional server or client resources. Option E is incorrect because VPNs typically reduce bandwidth due to encryption overhead, not increase it.

Answer

Eliminates need for antivirus software

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Reduces hardware costs

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Increases network bandwidth

Question 14

A technician is installing a legacy application on Windows 10 and receives an error log indicating 'Access Denied'. Which of the following should the technician do FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Run the installer as Administrator.. Legacy applications often require elevated privileges to install on Windows 10 because they may attempt to write to system directories or registry keys that are protected by User Account Control (UAC). Running the installer as Administrator is the simplest and most common first troubleshooting step to resolve permission-related issues before considering other solutions like missing dependencies or application upgrades.

Answer

Install MSXML6.

Answer

Install .NET Framework 3.5.

Answer

Upgrade the application to a newer version.

Question 15

A user is troubleshooting an issue with a web application that is only accessible through a browser. The user notes that the application runs slowly. Which component is most likely responsible for processing the application's server-side logic?

Accepted Answer

Web server. Web applications rely on server-side processing for tasks like database access and business logic. The server (or server-side code) handles this, while the client (browser) handles presentation.

Answer

Web browser

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Local firewall

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Operating system

Question 16

A developer needs to store a list of student grades (integers) and be able to add and remove grades easily. Which data structure is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Array. An array is the most appropriate data structure for storing a list of student grades (integers) when you need to add and remove grades easily. Arrays provide direct index-based access (O(1) for lookup) and support dynamic resizing in languages like Java (ArrayList) or Python (list), allowing efficient appending and removal by index. This makes arrays ideal for managing a collection of numeric values where order matters and frequent modifications are required.

Answer

Linked list

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Queue

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Stack

Question 17

A small business is expanding and needs to ensure their network infrastructure supports growth. Which THREE practices should they implement?

Accepted Answer

Deploy redundant power supplies for critical devices. Redundant power supplies ensure that critical network devices like switches and routers remain operational even if one power supply fails, minimizing downtime during business expansion. This practice directly supports network availability and growth by providing fault tolerance for essential infrastructure components.

Answer

Use a single subnet for simplicity

Answer

Use static IP addressing for all devices

Question 18

Which TWO are characteristics of object-oriented programming? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Inheritance. Inheritance is a core characteristic of object-oriented programming (OOP) that allows a class (child) to derive properties and behaviors from another class (parent). This promotes code reuse and establishes a hierarchical relationship between classes, which is fundamental to OOP design.

Answer

Loops

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Functions

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Variables

Question 19

A project has frequent requirement changes and the team needs to deliver working software in short cycles. Which software development methodology is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Agile. Agile methodology is the most appropriate because it explicitly supports iterative development, frequent requirement changes, and short delivery cycles through practices like sprints and continuous feedback. Unlike rigid sequential models, Agile embraces change even late in development, making it ideal for projects where requirements evolve rapidly.

Answer

Waterfall

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DevOps

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Spiral

Question 20

Which TWO of the following are characteristics of object-oriented programming (OOP)?

Accepted Answer

Inheritance. Inheritance (B) is a core characteristic of OOP because it allows a class to derive properties and behaviors from a parent class, promoting code reuse and establishing a hierarchical relationship. This is fundamental to OOP as defined in languages like Java, C++, and Python.

Answer

Polymorphism

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Top-down design

Answer

Use of functions and procedures