FC0-U71 Practice Test 26 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Which TWO of the following are benefits of using a cloud database service (DBaaS) over an on-premises database?

Accepted Answer

No need to manage physical hardware. DBaaS eliminates the need for hardware management and allows easy scaling of resources on demand.

Answer

Full control over the operating system

Answer

Lower latency guaranteed

Answer

Data is always stored locally

Question 2

A database contains two tables: 'Authors' (AuthorID, Name) and 'Books' (BookID, Title, AuthorID). A query needs to return all authors and any books they have written, including authors with no books. Which type of JOIN should be used?

Accepted Answer

LEFT JOIN. A LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table (Authors) and matching rows from the right table (Books). If no match, NULLs are returned for the right table.

Answer

CROSS JOIN

Answer

RIGHT JOIN

Answer

INNER JOIN

Question 3

Which of the following is a valid reason to use a database instead of a spreadsheet?

Accepted Answer

Databases provide query capabilities and enforce data integrity. Databases support complex queries using SQL and provide data integrity features like constraints.

Answer

Spreadsheets cannot store numbers

Answer

Spreadsheets are harder to learn

Answer

Databases are always free

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the principle of confidentiality in the CIA triad?

Accepted Answer

Preventing unauthorized access to data. Confidentiality ensures that data is not disclosed to unauthorized individuals or systems.

Answer

Systems are accessible when needed

Answer

Ensuring data is backed up regularly

Answer

Data is not altered unexpectedly

Question 5

A database has a 'Students' table and an 'Enrollments' table. Which type of relationship exists if a student can enroll in multiple courses and each course can have multiple students?

Accepted Answer

Many-to-many. A many-to-many relationship requires a junction table (like Enrollments) linking the two tables.

Answer

Many-to-one

Answer

One-to-many

Answer

One-to-one

Question 6

A security analyst discovers that a file on a server has been modified without authorization. However, the system logs show that the modification was made by an authenticated user who had legitimate access to the file. Which aspect of the CIA triad has been violated?

Accepted Answer

Integrity. Integrity ensures data is not altered by unauthorized parties. Even though the user was authenticated, the modification was unauthorized, violating integrity.

Answer

Non-repudiation

Answer

Availability

Answer

Confidentiality

Question 7

A database designer wants to reduce data redundancy and avoid update anomalies. Which process should be applied?

Accepted Answer

Normalization. Normalization is the process of organizing data to minimize redundancy and dependency, typically by dividing tables and establishing relationships.

Answer

Denormalization

Answer

Encryption

Answer

Indexing

Question 8

A cloud database service is being considered for a startup to avoid hardware maintenance and allow automatic scaling. Which type of service is this?

Accepted Answer

Database as a Service (DBaaS). Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) provides managed database instances in the cloud, handling maintenance, backups, and scaling.

Answer

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Answer

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Answer

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Question 9

A developer modifies a database and wants to ensure that every value in a column meets a specific condition, such as age must be between 0 and 120. Which type of integrity constraint should be used?

Accepted Answer

Domain integrity. Domain integrity ensures that data falls within a valid range or set of values, often enforced with CHECK constraints.

Answer

Referential integrity

Answer

User-defined integrity

Answer

Entity integrity

Question 10

A database designer wants to ensure that every value in a column called 'Status' is either 'Active', 'Inactive', or 'Pending'. Which type of constraint should be applied?

Accepted Answer

Domain integrity. Domain integrity is enforced by data type and check constraints. A CHECK constraint on the Status column can restrict values to the allowed list.

Answer

Entity integrity

Answer

User-defined integrity

Answer

Referential integrity

Question 11

A database administrator wants to enforce that every record in the 'Orders' table must have a non-null unique value in the 'OrderID' column. Which database concept ensures this?

Accepted Answer

Entity integrity. Entity integrity requires a primary key to be unique and not null for each row.

Answer

Referential integrity

Answer

Input validation

Answer

Domain integrity

Question 12

A database administrator needs to ensure that every record in the 'Orders' table can be uniquely identified. Which constraint should be applied to the 'OrderID' column?

Accepted Answer

PRIMARY KEY. A primary key uniquely identifies each row in a table; it must contain unique values and no NULLs.

Answer

FOREIGN KEY

Answer

UNIQUE constraint

Answer

CHECK constraint

Question 13

A user downloads a free game from an untrusted website. After installation, the user's computer begins displaying pop-up advertisements frequently. Which type of malware is most likely installed?

Accepted Answer

Adware. Adware displays unwanted advertisements, often bundled with free software.

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Rootkit

Answer

Spyware

Question 14

A database designer wants to reduce data redundancy in a relational database. Which THREE of the following are normalization techniques or concepts?

Accepted Answer

Eliminating partial dependencies by moving attributes to appropriate tables. Normalization involves splitting tables to reduce redundancy. First normal form (1NF) eliminates repeating groups, second normal form (2NF) removes partial dependencies, and third normal form (3NF) removes transitive dependencies.

Answer

Denormalization for performance

Answer

Using a single table to store all data

Question 15

A small business owner wants to protect customer data stored on laptops in case the devices are stolen. Which encryption method provides the best protection for the entire hard drive?

Accepted Answer

Full disk encryption. Full disk encryption (e.g., BitLocker or FileVault) encrypts the entire drive, making data unreadable without the decryption key even if the physical device is stolen.

Answer

HTTPS encryption for web traffic

Answer

File-level encryption on individual documents

Answer

A VPN when connecting to the internet