PCD Designing highly scalable, available, and reliable cloud-native applications — All Questions With Answers

Refer to the exhibit.

gcloud compute instances list --format='table(name, zone, status, machineType, scheduling.preemptible)'

NAME        ZONE        STATUS    MACHINE_TYPE      PREEMPTIBLE
instance-1  us-central1-a RUNNING  n1-standard-1     false
instance-2  us-central1-b RUNNING  n1-standard-2     false
instance-3  us-central1-a TERMINATED n1-standard-1  false
instance-4  us-central1-c RUNNING  n1-standard-1     true

Refer to the exhibit.

gcloud compute instances create my-instance \
    --zone=us-central1-a \
    --machine-type=e2-medium \
    --image-family=debian-11 \
    --image-project=debian-cloud \
    --boot-disk-size=10GB \
    --boot-disk-type=pd-standard \
    --metadata=startup-script='#!/bin/bash
    apt-get update
    apt-get install -y nginx
    systemctl enable nginx
    systemctl start nginx'

Refer to the exhibit.

gcloud compute instance-templates create my-template \
    --machine-type=e2-medium \
    --image-family=debian-11 \
    --metadata startup-script='#! /bin/bash
    apt-get update
    apt-get install -y nginx
    systemctl enable nginx
    systemctl start nginx'

Refer to the exhibit.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectViewer",
      "members": [
        "serviceAccount:my-sa@project.iam.gserviceaccount.com"
      ]
    },
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectCreator",
      "members": [
        "serviceAccount:my-sa@project.iam.gserviceaccount.com"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Refer to the exhibit.

apiVersion: serving.knative.dev/v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: my-service
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: gcr.io/my-project/my-image:latest
      containerConcurrency: 80

Refer to the exhibit.

Output of:
gcloud compute backend-services get-health my-backend-service --global
```
{
  "healthStatus": [
    {
      "ipAddress": "10.0.0.1",
      "port": 80,
      "healthState": "UNHEALTHY"
    },
    {
      "ipAddress": "10.0.0.2",
      "port": 80,
      "healthState": "UNHEALTHY"
    }
  ]
}
```

Refer to the exhibit.

Cloud Run service YAML:
```yaml
apiVersion: serving.knative.dev/v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: my-service
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: gcr.io/myproject/myimage
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: '1'
            memory: '256Mi'
        concurrency: 80
```

Refer to the exhibit.

Cloud Logging error log:
```json
{
  "severity": "ERROR",
  "message": "Execution of function myfunc timed out after 54000ms",
  "function": "myfunc",
  "execution_id": "abc123"
}
```

Refer to the exhibit.

```
gcloud compute instances list
NAME       ZONE        MACHINE_TYPE  PREEMPTIBLE  INTERNAL_IP  STATUS
instance-1 us-central1 n1-standard-1             10.128.0.2   RUNNING
instance-2 us-central1 n1-standard-1             10.128.0.3   RUNNING
instance-3 us-central1 n1-standard-1             10.128.0.4   TERMINATED
```

Refer to the exhibit.

```sql
SELECT * FROM Orders JOIN Customers ON Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID
WHERE Customers.City = 'Tokyo' AND Orders.OrderDate > '2023-01-01';
```
This query is running slowly on a large Cloud Spanner database.

Refer to the exhibit.

```json
{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "role": "roles/compute.instanceAdmin.v1",
      "members": [
        "user:developer@example.com"
      ]
    }
  ]
}
```

apiVersion: autoscaling/v2
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: myapp-hpa
spec:
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: myapp-deployment
  minReplicas: 1
  maxReplicas: 10
  metrics:
  - type: Resource
    resource:
      name: cpu
      target:
        type: Utilization
        averageUtilization: 50
  - type: Pods
    pods:
      metric:
        name: packets-per-second
      target:
        type: AverageValue
        averageValue: 1k

apiVersion: serving.knative.dev/v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: my-app
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      containerConcurrency: 80
      containers:
      - image: gcr.io/my-project/my-app:latest
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: "1"
            memory: "512Mi"
      timeoutSeconds: 300