Cloud Digital Leader Practice Test 30 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Which TWO of the following cloud characteristics directly enable a business to innovate faster than using traditional IT?

Accepted Answer

Global infrastructure that allows launching in new regions quickly. A global infrastructure with multiple regions and edge locations allows businesses to deploy applications and services in new geographic areas rapidly, reducing time-to-market compared to building or leasing physical data centers. Option E is correct because self-service provisioning enables developers to spin up resources like virtual machines, databases, or containers in minutes via APIs or console, eliminating the weeks-long procurement and setup cycles of traditional IT, thus accelerating experimentation and iteration.

Answer

Vendor lock-in for long-term contracts

Answer

Capital expenditure model for budgeting

Answer

Customizable hardware configurations for optimal performance

Question 2

Which TWO of the following are key characteristics of cloud computing as defined by NIST? (Choose 2)

Accepted Answer

Measured service. Measured service is a key characteristic of cloud computing as defined by NIST (SP 800-145). It means that cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource usage by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). This allows both the provider and consumer to monitor, control, and report usage, providing transparency for billing and chargeback.

Answer

Virtualization

Answer

Multi-tenancy

Answer

Serverless computing

Question 3

A retail company experiences traffic spikes during holiday sales. They need to automatically scale their web application instances based on CPU utilization. Which Google Cloud service should they configure?

Accepted Answer

Managed instance group with autoscaling. Managed instance groups with autoscaling automatically add or remove VM instances based on metrics like CPU utilization, handling traffic spikes efficiently.

Answer

Cloud Load Balancing

Answer

Google Kubernetes Engine with Horizontal Pod Autoscaler

Answer

Cloud Functions

Question 4

A company needs to store petabytes of time-series IoT sensor data and query it with single-digit millisecond latency at millions of reads per second. The data has a simple key-value structure with timestamps. Which Google Cloud database is MOST appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Cloud Bigtable. Cloud Bigtable is designed for petabyte-scale, low-latency, high-throughput NoSQL storage for time-series, IoT, and financial data. It scales horizontally by adding nodes.

Answer

Cloud Spanner

Answer

BigQuery

Answer

Firestore

Question 5

A developer wants to deploy a containerised web application that can scale to zero when not in use, and only pay for actual request processing time. Which Google Cloud compute service should they choose?

Accepted Answer

Cloud Run. Cloud Run is a serverless compute platform that runs containers, scales to zero when idle, and charges per request and CPU/memory usage only during request handling. App Engine Standard can scale to zero but does not support arbitrary containers. GKE and Compute Engine are provisioned infrastructure that does not scale to zero.

Answer

App Engine Standard Environment

Answer

Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)

Answer

Compute Engine with Preemptible VMs

Question 6

A company is planning a cloud migration and wants to understand the difference between 'lift and shift' and 'cloud-native' approaches. Which statement correctly distinguishes these two migration strategies?

Accepted Answer

Lift and shift moves applications to the cloud with minimal changes; cloud-native re-architects applications to leverage cloud-specific features and managed services.. 'lift and shift' (rehosting) involves moving applications to the cloud with minimal or no changes, often using Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) to replicate the on-premises environment. In contrast, 'cloud-native' (re-architecting) redesigns applications to use cloud-specific features like auto-scaling, managed databases, and serverless compute, fully leveraging the cloud's elasticity and pay-as-you-go model.

Answer

Lift and shift uses containers; cloud-native uses virtual machines.

Answer

Lift and shift is only possible for new applications; cloud-native is for existing applications.

Answer

Lift and shift costs more long-term; cloud-native costs more short-term due to licensing.

Question 7

A data analyst wants to create interactive dashboards and reports using data from BigQuery, without writing code. Which Google Cloud BI tool should they use?

Accepted Answer

Looker Studio. Looker Studio is a free, self-service BI tool that allows users to create interactive dashboards and reports from various data sources including BigQuery, with a drag-and-drop interface. Looker is a more advanced enterprise BI platform. Data Studio is the former name; it is now Looker Studio. Dataflow is for data processing.

Answer

Data Studio

Answer

Dataflow

Answer

Looker

Question 8

A company runs Compute Engine instances that experience stable, predictable usage. They want to reduce costs by committing to a 1-year term for these virtual machines. Which discount type should they use?

Accepted Answer

Committed use discounts. Committed use discounts (CUDs) allow customers to commit to a certain amount of resources (vCPUs, memory) for 1 or 3 years in exchange for a significant discount. This is ideal for predictable workloads.

Answer

Preemptible VMs

Answer

Sole-tenant nodes

Answer

Sustained use discounts

Question 9

An organization wants to ensure that all projects under a specific folder inherit a policy that disables the creation of external IP addresses. Which Google Cloud resource hierarchy level should the policy be applied to enforce this requirement for all child resources?

Accepted Answer

Folder. Organization policy constraints applied at the folder level are inherited by all projects and resources within that folder, ensuring consistent enforcement across the hierarchy.

Answer

Organization node

Answer

Resource (e.g., VM instance)

Answer

Project

Question 10

Which Google Cloud service provides a fully managed, scalable data warehouse for running SQL queries on petabyte-scale data and supports BI tools like Looker?

Accepted Answer

BigQuery. BigQuery is a serverless data warehouse that scales to petabytes and uses SQL for analytics. Cloud SQL is for OLTP, Cloud Storage is object storage, and Dataflow is for data processing pipelines.

Answer

Cloud SQL

Answer

Cloud Storage

Answer

Dataflow

Question 11

A financial services company must comply with strict data residency regulations. They need to store customer data in a specific geographic region and ensure it never leaves that region. Which Google Cloud feature should they use?

Accepted Answer

Organization Policy with location restrictions. Organization Policy with location restrictions allows admins to restrict resource creation to specific regions, preventing data from being stored elsewhere. VPC Service Controls provide data exfiltration prevention but do not restrict region. IAM controls access, not location. Cloud KMS manages keys.

Answer

VPC Service Controls

Answer

Cloud IAM

Answer

Cloud Key Management Service

Question 12

A startup wants to organize its Google Cloud resources by separating development, staging, and production environments. They also need to apply common IAM policies across all projects in each environment. Which resource hierarchy component should they use to group projects per environment?

Accepted Answer

Folders. Folders allow grouping of projects and are used to reflect organizational structure or environment separation. IAM policies applied at the folder level are inherited by all projects within that folder.

Answer

Organization node

Answer