Practise interpreting routing-table output, route selection, administrative distance, metrics, next hops and longest-prefix match.
Start Scenario PracticeA network engineer runs the following command to troubleshoot a Control Plane Policing (CoPP) issue: R1# show bgp neighbors 10.1.1.2 received-routes BGP table version is 10, local router ID is 10.1.1.1 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 10.3.3.0/24 10.1.1.2 0 100 0 i Total number of prefixes 1 What does this output indicate?
Explanation: The output shows a single BGP prefix (10.3.3.0/24) received from neighbor 10.1.1.2, with the route marked as valid (*) and best (>). This confirms that BGP is successfully receiving and processing the update, and the route is eligible for installation in the routing table. Since the route appears in the received-routes output, CoPP is not dropping the inbound BGP update packets, as CoPP would prevent the packets from reaching the BGP process entirely.
What is the default administrative distance for OSPF routes on a Cisco IOS-XE router?
Explanation: The default administrative distance for OSPF is 110.
A network engineer runs the following command to verify BFD with EIGRP: R1# show ip eigrp 100 topology 10.2.2.0/24 EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Entry for AS(100)/ID(10.2.2.0/24) State: Passive, Query origin flag: 1, 1 Successor(s), FD is 131072 Descriptor Blocks: 10.1.1.2 (GigabitEthernet0/0), from 10.1.1.2, Send flag: 0x0 Composite metric: (131072/130816), Route is Internal Vector metric: Minimum bandwidth is 100000 Kbit Total delay is 100 microseconds Reliability is 255/255 Load is 1/255 Minimum MTU is 1500 Hop count is 1 Originating router is 2.2.2.2 BFD enabled, BFD state: UP What does this output indicate?
Explanation: The output shows that BFD is enabled for the EIGRP neighbor and the BFD state is UP, indicating fast failure detection is active for this route.
A network engineer runs the following command on Router R1: R1# show bgp ipv4 unicast summary BGP router identifier 192.168.0.1, local AS number 65001 BGP table version is 10, main routing table version 10 Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd 192.168.1.2 4 65002 1002 1000 10 0 0 00:15:30 5 192.168.2.2 4 65003 1005 1003 10 0 0 00:14:20 3 10.10.10.2 4 65004 0 0 0 0 0 00:00:05 Idle Based on this output, what is the problem with neighbor 10.10.10.2?
Explanation: The output shows that neighbor 10.10.10.2 is in the Idle state with zero messages sent or received, indicating the BGP session has never been established. This typically results from a misconfiguration (e.g., wrong neighbor IP, incorrect AS number, missing update-source) or a Layer 3 reachability issue preventing the TCP connection on port 179.
A network engineer runs the following command to troubleshoot a BGP prefix issue: R1# show bgp ipv4 unicast 192.168.10.0/24 BGP routing table entry for 192.168.10.0/24, version 5 Paths: (1 available, best #1, table default) Advertised to update-groups: 1 Refresh Epoch 1 Local 10.1.1.2 from 10.1.1.2 (2.2.2.2) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, best rx pathid: 0, tx pathid: 0x0 What does this output indicate?
Explanation: The output shows the prefix 192.168.10.0/24 is learned from neighbor 10.1.1.2 with the path type 'external', indicating eBGP. The line 'valid, external, best' confirms it is the best path, making option A correct.
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Practice all Show IP Route Output Practice QuestionsPractise interpreting routing-table output, route selection, administrative distance, metrics, next hops and longest-prefix match. These appear throughout the 300-410 and require you to apply your knowledge, not just recall facts.
Cisco doesn't publish an exact breakdown, but scenario-based questions (especially exhibit and command-output formats) make up a significant portion of the 300-410. Practicing each scenario type ensures you're ready for any format.
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