DP-900 Practice Exam 54 — 20 Questions

Question 1

Your team is building a real-time dashboard for monitoring website traffic. The data source is streaming click events from Azure Event Hubs. The dashboard must update within seconds. Which Azure service should you use to process the stream?

Accepted Answer

Azure Stream Analytics. Azure Stream Analytics is designed for real-time stream processing with low-latency output, making it ideal for processing click events from Event Hubs and updating a dashboard within seconds. It provides a SQL-like query language to define transformations and can output directly to Power BI or other visualization tools for near-instantaneous dashboard updates.

Answer

Azure Synapse Pipelines

Answer

Azure Data Factory

Answer

Azure Databricks Structured Streaming

Question 2

Which THREE of the following are characteristics of a data lake compared to a data warehouse?

Accepted Answer

Data lakes store data in its native or raw format.. Option A is correct because a data lake stores data in its native or raw format, meaning it does not require transformation or schema definition at the time of ingestion. This allows organizations to retain the original fidelity of the data, which is a fundamental distinction from a data warehouse that typically transforms and structures data before loading (ETL). In Azure, Azure Data Lake Storage (ADLS) Gen2 supports storing any file format (e.g., Parquet, CSV, JSON, binary) without preprocessing.

Answer

Data lakes guarantee ACID transactions across all data.

Answer

Data lakes store only structured data.

Question 3

A data engineer needs to design a solution for a healthcare organization that must store patient records for 7 years to comply with regulatory requirements. The data will be accessed infrequently after the first year. Which Azure storage tier should be used for data older than one year?

Accepted Answer

Cool tier. The Cool tier is designed for data that is accessed infrequently but must be available immediately when needed, with a minimum storage duration of 30 days. Since patient records older than one year are accessed rarely but may still require low-latency retrieval for compliance audits, Cool tier balances cost and accessibility. Hot tier is for frequent access, Archive tier has a retrieval latency of hours (not suitable for occasional access), and Transaction-optimized is not a standard Azure Blob Storage tier.

Answer

Transaction-optimized tier

Answer

Archive tier

Answer

Hot tier

Question 4

A data scientist needs to train a machine learning model using data stored in Azure Data Lake Storage. They want to use a collaborative notebook environment with built-in experiment tracking. Which Azure service should they use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Machine Learning. Azure Machine Learning provides a collaborative notebook environment (Jupyter notebooks) with built-in experiment tracking, model management, and automated ML capabilities. It is the correct choice for training machine learning models with data from Azure Data Lake Storage while tracking experiments.

Answer

Azure Synapse Analytics

Answer

Azure Databricks

Answer

Azure Data Studio

Question 5

Refer to the exhibit. A database administrator runs this KQL query in Azure Monitor Log Analytics. The query returns no results. What is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

The ResourceType filter is incorrect. The KQL query filters on `ResourceType` with a value that does not match any actual Azure resource type (e.g., a typo or incorrect casing). Since Azure Monitor Log Analytics stores resource types in a specific format (e.g., 'microsoft.compute/virtualmachines'), an incorrect filter will return zero results even if data exists. The query syntax, render command, and time range are all valid, so the filter is the most likely cause.

Answer

The summarize operator syntax is wrong

Answer

The render command is not supported

Answer

The time range is incorrect

Question 6

Your company uses Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 and wants to grant a data scientist read-only access to a specific container. Which built-in RBAC role should you assign?

Accepted Answer

Storage Blob Data Reader. Storage Blob Data Reader (D) is the correct built-in RBAC role because it grants read-only access to Azure Storage blob containers and data, including Data Lake Storage Gen2. This role provides the necessary permissions for a data scientist to read data from a specific container without allowing write or delete operations.

Answer

Storage Account Contributor

Answer

Reader

Answer

Storage Blob Data Contributor

Question 7

Refer to the exhibit. You are reviewing an ARM template that deploys a SQL database in Azure Synapse. The template sets the storageAccountType to GRS. What is a valid concern regarding cost and performance?

Accepted Answer

GRS will increase storage costs and may cause higher latency. Geo-redundant storage (GRS) replicates your data to a secondary region, which increases storage costs because you are paying for both the primary and secondary copies. Additionally, when using GRS with Azure Synapse SQL, read requests may experience higher latency if they are directed to the secondary region, especially during a failover scenario or when using read-access geo-redundant storage (RA-GRS). This makes cost and performance valid concerns when choosing GRS over locally redundant storage (LRS).

Answer

The collation setting is not compatible with Azure Synapse

Answer

The database cannot be part of a failover group

Answer

The database will not support Transparent Data Encryption

Question 8

A company uses Azure Table Storage to store user session data. The data must be encrypted at rest. What should you do?

Accepted Answer

No action is required; Azure Storage encrypts data at rest by default.. Azure Table Storage, as part of Azure Storage, automatically encrypts all data at rest using Azure Storage Service Encryption (SSE) with 256-bit AES encryption. This encryption is enabled by default for all new and existing storage accounts, including Table Storage, and cannot be disabled. Therefore, no additional action is required to meet the encryption-at-rest requirement.

Answer

Enable Azure Storage Service Encryption (SSE).

Answer

Use Azure SQL Database Transparent Data Encryption (TDE).

Answer

Implement client-side encryption before storing data.

Question 9

Which TWO scenarios are appropriate for using Azure Blob Storage? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Storing backup files and archival data.. Azure Blob Storage is designed for storing large amounts of unstructured data, such as binary files and text. Backup files and archival data are ideal use cases because Blob Storage supports hot, cool, and cold access tiers optimized for long-term retention and cost-effective storage. Additionally, storing images and videos for a website leverages Blob Storage's ability to serve static assets directly via HTTP/HTTPS, with built-in CDN integration for fast global delivery.

Answer

Storing key-value pairs with partition and row keys.

Answer

Running SQL queries on structured data.

Answer

Storing JavaScript functions for server-side logic.

Question 10

You need to query data stored in Azure Cosmos DB for NoSQL using SQL-like syntax. Which feature should you use?

Accepted Answer

Use the SQL API built into Cosmos DB. Azure Cosmos DB for NoSQL provides a native SQL API that allows you to query JSON documents using SQL-like syntax. This API translates standard SQL queries into Cosmos DB's internal query engine, enabling you to SELECT, filter, and project data directly from containers without any additional services or connectors.

Answer

Use Azure SQL Database elastic query

Answer

Use Power BI DirectQuery

Answer

Use Azure Synapse Analytics Serverless SQL pool

Question 11

Which TWO Azure services are primarily used for batch processing of large data volumes?

Accepted Answer

Azure Databricks. Azure Databricks is correct because it provides an Apache Spark-based analytics platform that can process large volumes of data in batch mode using distributed computing. It allows you to run ETL jobs, transformations, and machine learning pipelines on data stored in Azure Data Lake Storage or other sources, making it ideal for batch processing.

Answer

Azure Data Lake Storage

Answer

Azure Stream Analytics

Answer

Azure Logic Apps

Question 12

Which TWO of the following are characteristics of structured data?

Accepted Answer

It has a predefined schema. Structured data adheres to a predefined schema, meaning its fields, data types, and relationships are defined in advance, typically enforced by a database management system. This schema ensures consistency and enables efficient querying using SQL. Relational databases are the primary storage system for structured data, organizing it into tables with rows and columns that follow the schema.

Answer

It is stored in Azure Blob Storage as objects

Answer

It can contain images and videos

Answer

It uses tags to describe the data

Question 13

A company ingests streaming data from social media feeds and needs to process and analyze the data in real time. Which Azure service should they use to capture the stream?

Accepted Answer

Azure Event Hubs. Azure Event Hubs is a fully managed, real-time data ingestion service designed to capture and process millions of events per second from sources like social media feeds. It provides a scalable, low-latency endpoint for streaming data, making it the correct choice for capturing the stream before further analysis.

Answer

Azure Stream Analytics

Answer

Azure IoT Hub

Answer

Azure Data Lake Storage

Question 14

Which THREE factors should you consider when choosing between Azure SQL Database and Azure Cosmos DB for a new application?

Accepted Answer

Need for multi-region writes. Option A is correct because Azure Cosmos DB supports multi-region writes with its multi-master replication, enabling low-latency writes across multiple geographic regions, which is a key differentiator from Azure SQL Database that only supports a single write region. This is critical for globally distributed applications requiring high availability and local write performance.

Answer

Support for JSON data

Answer

Support for T-SQL queries

Question 15

Which TWO Azure services can be used to perform real-time stream processing?

Accepted Answer

Azure Stream Analytics. Azure Stream Analytics is a fully managed service designed for real-time stream processing. It can ingest data from sources like Azure Event Hubs or IoT Hub, apply SQL-based queries to the streaming data, and output results to sinks such as Power BI or Azure SQL Database, all with sub-second latency.

Answer

Azure Data Factory

Answer

Azure Analysis Services

Answer

Azure Synapse Pipelines

Question 16

A company uses Azure SQL Database and wants to implement row-level security so that sales managers can only see data for their own region. Which feature should they use?

Accepted Answer

Row-level security (RLS). Row-level security (RLS) is the correct feature because it allows you to control access to rows in a database table based on the characteristics of the user executing a query. In this scenario, RLS can be implemented using a security policy and a predicate function that filters rows based on the sales manager's region, ensuring they only see data for their own region.

Answer

Dynamic Data Masking

Answer

Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)

Answer

Microsoft Purview

Question 17

A company needs to store JSON documents that are frequently updated by multiple services. The solution must support indexing and querying by any property. Which Azure data service should they use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Cosmos DB. Azure Cosmos DB is a fully managed NoSQL database designed for JSON documents, offering native support for indexing every property automatically without requiring a predefined schema. Its multi-model API (including SQL API) allows querying by any property with low-latency reads and writes, making it ideal for services that frequently update JSON documents.

Answer

Azure Blob Storage

Answer

Azure SQL Database

Answer

Azure Table Storage

Question 18

Your organization has a large dataset of customer transactions stored in Azure Blob Storage as CSV files. You need to run ad-hoc SQL queries on this data without loading it into a database. Which Azure service should you use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Synapse Serverless SQL pool. Azure Synapse Serverless SQL pool allows you to query data directly from files in Azure Blob Storage using standard T-SQL syntax, without needing to load or move the data into a database. It uses a pay-per-query model and supports CSV, Parquet, and JSON formats, making it ideal for ad-hoc analytical queries over large datasets stored in data lakes.

Answer

Azure Data Factory

Answer

Azure SQL Database

Answer

Azure Analysis Services

Question 19

You are implementing a data pipeline that ingests millions of events per second from IoT devices. The pipeline must tolerate failures and guarantee exactly-once processing. Which Azure service should you use to ingest the events?

Accepted Answer

Azure Event Hubs. Azure Event Hubs is the correct choice because it is a big data streaming platform and event ingestion service designed for high-throughput scenarios, capable of ingesting millions of events per second. It supports exactly-once processing through checkpointing and partition-based offset management, and its built-in replication and availability zones provide fault tolerance.

Answer

Azure IoT Hub

Answer

Azure Service Bus

Answer

Azure Queue Storage

Question 20

A team is designing a data pipeline to process streaming sensor data from IoT devices. The data must be ingested, transformed in real time, and stored in a time-series database. Which combination of Azure services should they use?

Accepted Answer

Azure IoT Hub, Azure Stream Analytics, and Azure Data Explorer. Option B is correct because Azure IoT Hub ingests streaming sensor data from IoT devices, Azure Stream Analytics provides real-time transformation and analysis of the data streams, and Azure Data Explorer (ADX) is a fully managed time-series database optimized for high-velocity telemetry data. This combination directly addresses the requirement for ingestion, real-time transformation, and time-series storage.

Answer

Azure IoT Hub, Azure Data Lake Storage, and Azure Databricks

Answer

Azure Event Hubs, Azure Functions, and Azure SQL Database

Answer

Azure Event Hubs, Azure Synapse Pipelines, and Azure Cosmos DB