DP-900 Practice Test 30 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company wants to build a real-time analytics dashboard for IoT sensor data. Which combination of Azure services should they use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Stream Analytics and Power BI. Azure Stream Analytics is a real-time event processing engine that can ingest IoT sensor data from sources like Azure Event Hubs, apply SQL-based queries to detect patterns or anomalies, and output results directly to Power BI for live dashboard visualization. This combination provides end-to-end streaming analytics with sub-second latency, which is essential for real-time dashboards.

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Azure HDInsight and Azure Databricks

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Azure Logic Apps and Azure SQL Database

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Azure Data Factory and Azure Analysis Services

Question 2

A logistics company uses an online system to process incoming delivery requests one at a time, updating the database immediately upon each transaction. They also run a weekly job that analyzes thousands of delivery records to identify average delivery times and trends. Which set of terms correctly classifies these two workloads?

Accepted Answer

OLTP and OLAP. The first workload processes individual delivery requests with immediate database updates, which is the definition of Online Transaction Processing (OLTP). The second workload runs a weekly job analyzing thousands of records for trends and averages, which is Online Analytical Processing (OLAP). These two terms correctly classify the transactional and analytical workloads described.

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Batch processing and real-time processing

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Relational and non-relational

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Structured and semi-structured

Question 3

A multinational e-commerce company uses Azure SQL Database for its order processing system. They need to ensure that if an entire Azure region becomes unavailable, the database remains available with minimal data loss and automatic failover. Which feature should they implement?

Accepted Answer

Active geo-replication. Active geo-replication (Option A) is correct because it creates readable secondary replicas of an Azure SQL Database in a paired Azure region, enabling automatic failover during a regional outage. This feature provides a recovery point objective (RPO) of as low as 5 seconds and a recovery time objective (RTO) of under 1 hour, ensuring minimal data loss and high availability.

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Automatic tuning

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Elastic pools

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Serverless compute

Question 4

A data engineering team needs to build a real-time dashboard showing sales totals by region. Sales transactions are streamed from point-of-sale systems into Azure Event Hubs. The team wants to aggregate the data in near real-time (e.g., every minute) and store the results in Azure SQL Database for visualization in Power BI. Which Azure service should they use for the aggregation step?

Accepted Answer

Azure Stream Analytics. Azure Stream Analytics is the correct choice because it is designed for real-time stream processing, allowing you to define a query that aggregates sales data from Event Hubs over a one-minute tumbling window and output the results directly to Azure SQL Database. This meets the requirement for near real-time aggregation without needing to write custom code or manage infrastructure.

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Azure Data Factory

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Azure Synapse Pipelines

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Azure Logic Apps

Question 5

Which TWO of the following are characteristics of structured data? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Stored in rows and columns. Structured data is organized in a tabular format with rows and columns, which is the defining characteristic of relational databases like SQL Server or Azure SQL Database. This structure enforces a fixed schema, meaning the data types and relationships are defined before data is entered, ensuring consistency and enabling efficient querying via SQL.

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No predefined schema

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Key-value pairs

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Schema-on-read

Question 6

A social media company stores user profiles as JSON documents where each profile may have different attributes (e.g., some profiles include 'education' while others include 'work history'). The company also stores user-generated posts in a relational database table with fixed columns (PostID, UserID, Content, Timestamp). Which of the following best describes the data types used for user profiles and user posts?

Accepted Answer

User profiles are semi-structured data; posts are structured data.. User profiles are stored as JSON documents with varying attributes, which is a classic example of semi-structured data because it has some organizational properties (key-value pairs) but does not enforce a fixed schema. User posts are stored in a relational database table with fixed columns (PostID, UserID, Content, Timestamp), which is structured data because it adheres to a rigid schema with defined data types and relationships.

Answer

User profiles are structured data; posts are unstructured data.

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Both are semi-structured data.

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User profiles are unstructured data; posts are structured data.

Question 7

You are designing a data solution for a retail company that needs to store transactional data (orders, payments) with strong consistency and support for complex joins. The data volume is moderate but expected to grow. Which Azure service should you choose?

Accepted Answer

Azure SQL Database. Azure SQL Database is a fully managed relational database that provides ACID transactions with strong consistency and supports complex joins via T-SQL. It is ideal for transactional workloads like orders and payments where data integrity and relational queries are critical, and it scales elastically to accommodate growing data volumes.

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Azure Cosmos DB

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Azure Table Storage

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Azure Synapse Analytics

Question 8

A company has a database that processes millions of small credit card transactions per second for payment authorization. They also need to run complex reports that aggregate transaction data over months to detect fraud patterns. Which type of workload describes the payment authorization process?

Accepted Answer

OLTP (Online Transaction Processing). The payment authorization process involves high-volume, low-latency transactions that read, insert, and update individual records in real time. This is the classic definition of OLTP (Online Transaction Processing), which is optimized for ACID-compliant, row-based operations on current data. The scenario explicitly states 'millions of small credit card transactions per second,' which aligns with OLTP workloads like order entry or banking.

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OLAP (Online Analytical Processing)

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HTAP (Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing)

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ETL (Extract, Transform, Load)

Question 9

A company stores customer orders in a database. Each order has an OrderID (integer), CustomerName (text), OrderDate (date), and a JSON column for order details that contains varying fields such as discount codes or gift messages. Which statement best describes the data types in this table?

Accepted Answer

The table stores both structured and semi-structured data.. The table includes structured columns (OrderID integer, CustomerName text, OrderDate date) and a JSON column for order details, which stores semi-structured data because JSON allows flexible schemas with varying fields like discount codes or gift messages. This combination of fixed-schema columns and a schema-less JSON column means the table holds both structured and semi-structured data, making option B correct.

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The table stores only structured data.

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The table stores only unstructured data.

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The table stores only semi-structured data.

Question 10

A company is building a data lake and collects data from three sources: (1) a relational database exporting CSV files with fixed columns for customer records, (2) API responses stored as JSON files with varying fields for product reviews, and (3) scanned handwritten notes stored as TIFF images. Which statement correctly categorizes these data by structure type?

Accepted Answer

1: structured, 2: semi-structured, 3: unstructured. CSV files from a relational database have a fixed schema (rows and columns), making them structured data. JSON files from API responses with varying fields are semi-structured, as they use tags/keys to organize data without a rigid schema. TIFF images of handwritten notes are unstructured, lacking a predefined data model or organization.

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1: semi-structured, 2: structured, 3: unstructured

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1: structured, 2: unstructured, 3: semi-structured

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1: unstructured, 2: semi-structured, 3: structured

Question 11

You are reviewing an ARM template for an Azure Storage account. The container named 'data' is created with public access set to 'None'. What is the primary benefit of this configuration?

Accepted Answer

It restricts access to authorized users only.. Setting public access to 'None' on a container means that anonymous read requests are not allowed. The primary benefit is that only requests with proper authorization (e.g., using an account key, a shared access signature, or Microsoft Entra ID credentials) can access the blobs within that container. This directly restricts access to authorized users only, which is the core security advantage.

Answer

It encrypts data at rest.

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It enables soft delete for the container.

Answer

It prevents accidental deletion of blobs.

Question 12

Drag and drop the steps to create an Azure SQL Database in the correct order.

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Select SQL Database service, Step 2: Configure server (create new server), Step 3: Configure database settings (name, pricing tier, compute+storage), Step 4: Review and create. Creating an Azure SQL Database involves selecting the service, configuring the server and database settings, choosing the appropriate tier, and finally deploying.

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Step 1: Configure server (create new server), Step 2: Select SQL Database service, Step 3: Configure database settings (name, pricing tier, compute+storage), Step 4: Review and create

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Step 1: Select SQL Database service, Step 2: Configure database settings (name, pricing tier, compute+storage), Step 3: Configure server (create new server), Step 4: Review and create

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Step 1: Configure database settings (name, pricing tier, compute+storage), Step 2: Select SQL Database service, Step 3: Configure server (create new server), Step 4: Review and create

Question 13

Your team uses Azure SQL Database and wants to implement row-level security (RLS) to restrict access to sales data by region. Which type of data workload characteristic does RLS primarily address?

Accepted Answer

Security. Row-level security (RLS) in Azure SQL Database restricts data access at the database engine level by applying a security predicate that filters rows based on user attributes, such as region. This directly addresses the security characteristic of a data workload by ensuring that users can only see data they are authorized to view, without requiring application-level changes.

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Concurrency

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Consistency

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Durability

Question 14

A data engineer needs to load data from an on-premises SQL Server database to Azure Synapse Analytics every hour with minimal latency. Which Azure service should they use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Data Factory. Azure Data Factory (ADF) is the correct choice because it provides a fully managed, code-free ETL service that can connect to on-premises SQL Server via self-hosted integration runtime, and load data into Azure Synapse Analytics with low latency using a scheduled trigger (e.g., every hour). ADF supports incremental data loading and parallel copy activities, minimizing latency while handling the required frequency.

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Azure Databricks

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Azure SQL Database

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Azure HDInsight

Question 15

Refer to the exhibit. The JSON shows an Azure Policy definition. Which effect should be used to proactively prevent creation of storage accounts without encryption?

Accepted Answer

Deny. The 'Deny' effect is correct because it proactively blocks the creation or update of a storage account that does not meet the encryption requirement, preventing non-compliant resources from being provisioned. This aligns with Azure Policy's ability to enforce compliance at resource creation time, rather than auditing or remediating after the fact.

Answer

AuditIfNotExists

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Disabled

Answer

Append