CV0-004 Cloud Architecture and Design Practice Test 7 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company wants to migrate its on-premises workloads to the cloud and requires full control over the operating system, installed software, and security configurations. Which cloud service model should they choose?

Accepted Answer

IaaS. IaaS provides virtualized computing resources where the customer manages the OS and above, giving full control.

Answer

FaaS

Answer

PaaS

Answer

SaaS

Question 2

A financial services firm requires a cloud deployment that keeps sensitive customer data on-premises while bursting compute-intensive risk analysis workloads to a public cloud during peak times. Which deployment model best meets this requirement?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid cloud. Hybrid cloud connects on-premises infrastructure with public cloud, enabling data residency and burst capacity.

Answer

Public cloud

Answer

Multi-cloud

Answer

Private cloud

Question 3

A cloud architect is designing a disaster recovery solution for a critical database. The RTO is 4 hours and the RPO is 1 hour. Which replication strategy should the architect choose to meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Warm standby. Warm standby maintains a partially scaled environment with frequent replication, meeting an RPO of 1 hour and RTO of 4 hours.

Answer

Hot standby

Answer

Active-passive

Answer

Cold standby

Question 4

A company runs a stateless web application on auto-scaling EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences sudden traffic spikes. Which scaling approach will handle the spikes most efficiently while minimizing cost?

Accepted Answer

Horizontal scaling with auto-scaling based on CPU utilization. Horizontal scaling (adding instances) combined with auto-scaling based on metrics is best for handling spikes cost-effectively in a stateless app.

Answer

Vertical scaling of existing instances

Answer

Using reserved instances for all capacity

Answer

Pre-provisioning a large number of instances

Question 5

Which of the following storage types is most suitable for hosting a shared file system that multiple virtual machines need to access concurrently using NFS?

Accepted Answer

File storage. File storage (e.g., EFS, Azure Files) provides a shared file system accessible via NFS or SMB.

Answer

Archive storage

Answer

Block storage

Answer

Object storage

Question 6

A cloud architect is designing a VPC with multiple tiers. The web servers must be accessible from the internet, but the database servers must not be directly accessible. Which subnet design should the architect implement?

Accepted Answer

Place web servers in a public subnet and database servers in a private subnet. Public subnets for web servers and private subnets for databases, with a load balancer in the public subnet routing to web servers in a private subnet if needed; but typically web servers are in public subnets.

Answer

Place all servers in public subnets and restrict access via security groups

Answer

Place web servers in a private subnet and database servers in a public subnet

Answer

Place all servers in private subnets and use a bastion host for access

Question 7

A company runs a production application on multiple cloud regions for high availability. They want to minimize latency for global users. Which DNS routing policy should they use?

Accepted Answer

Geolocation routing. Geolocation routing policy directs traffic based on the user's geographic location to reduce latency.

Answer

Latency routing

Answer

Failover routing

Answer

Simple routing

Question 8

A company wants to reduce cloud storage costs for data that is accessed frequently for 30 days, then rarely accessed for 90 days, and then must be retained for 7 years for compliance. Which storage lifecycle policy should be implemented?

Accepted Answer

Standard storage for 30 days, then infrequent access for 90 days, then archive. A lifecycle policy that transitions from standard storage to infrequent access after 30 days, and then to archive after 120 days (30+90) meets the access patterns and compliance requirements.

Answer

Standard storage for 30 days, then delete

Answer

Archive immediately for 7 years

Answer

Infrequent access immediately for 120 days, then archive

Question 9

A cloud engineer is deploying a web application that requires SSL termination and content-based routing. Which type of load balancer should be used?

Accepted Answer

Application Load Balancer. An Application Load Balancer (layer 7) can perform SSL termination and route based on content such as URL paths or host headers.

Answer

Gateway Load Balancer

Answer

Classic Load Balancer

Answer

Network Load Balancer

Question 10

A company needs to connect its on-premises data center to a public cloud provider with a dedicated, consistent network connection that bypasses the internet. Which connectivity method should be used?

Accepted Answer

Direct Connect or ExpressRoute. Dedicated connections like AWS Direct Connect or Azure ExpressRoute provide private, consistent connectivity.

Answer

VPC peering

Answer

Internet gateway

Answer

Site-to-Site VPN

Question 11

A startup wants to run code in response to events without provisioning or managing servers. Which cloud service model should they use?

Accepted Answer

FaaS. FaaS (serverless) runs code in response to events, and the provider manages the infrastructure.

Answer

PaaS

Answer

IaaS

Answer

SaaS

Question 12

A company runs a stateful application that maintains session data in memory on the server. The application experiences performance issues during traffic spikes. Which design change would best improve scalability?

Accepted Answer

Move session state to a shared cache or database (stateless design). Making the application stateless by moving session state to an external store (e.g., Redis or database) allows any instance to handle any request, enabling horizontal scaling.

Answer

Increase the memory of each server (vertical scaling)

Answer

Implement sticky sessions on the load balancer

Answer

Use a CDN to cache static content

Question 13

A cloud architect is evaluating cloud deployment models for a healthcare application that must comply with data sovereignty regulations. The solution must provide the lowest latency for users in North America and Europe, and must avoid vendor lock-in. Which TWO deployment models should the architect consider? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Multi-cloud. Multi-cloud uses multiple public clouds to avoid vendor lock-in and can place resources in North America and Europe. Hybrid cloud can keep sensitive data on-premises while using public cloud for compute, but does not directly address multiple regions; however, the combination of both can meet all requirements, but the question asks for TWO models. Multi-cloud and hybrid cloud together provide flexibility and compliance. However, given the options, the best two are multi-cloud and hybrid cloud. Note: The question says 'Which TWO' so exactly two correct.

Answer

Private cloud

Answer

Public cloud

Answer

Community cloud

Question 14

A company is designing a highly available architecture for a critical application. The solution must tolerate the failure of an entire availability zone. Which TWO design principles should be implemented? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Use a load balancer with health checks and cross-zone load balancing. To tolerate an AZ failure, deploy across multiple AZs and use active-active or active-passive with failover. So deploying across multiple AZs and using a load balancer with health checks to route traffic away from failed AZ are correct.

Answer

Deploy instances in a single availability zone

Answer

Use RAID 0 for all instance storage

Answer

Use a single load balancer without health checks

Question 15

A cloud administrator is optimizing costs for a batch processing workload that runs nightly for 2 hours. The workload can tolerate interruptions. Which THREE purchasing options should the administrator consider? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Preemptible VMs. Correct answer: Preemptible VMs, Spot instances, and On-demand instances. For a batch processing workload that runs nightly for only 2 hours and can tolerate interruptions, cost optimization favors using interruptible instances like Preemptible VMs (Google Cloud) or Spot instances (AWS/Azure) because they offer significant discounts and are suitable for fault-tolerant workloads. On-demand instances are also an option to consider when interruptible instances are not available or if the workload requires guaranteed capacity, though they are more expensive. Reserved instances or dedicated hosts are not cost-effective for such short, periodic workloads because they require long-term commitments (1 or 3 years) and are designed for steady-state usage. Therefore, the three options to consider are Preemptible VMs, Spot instances, and On-demand instances.

Answer

Dedicated hosts

Answer

Reserved instances