CV0-004 Practice Test 20 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A cloud architect is designing a disaster recovery plan for a critical application. Which TWO metrics should be defined to establish recovery objectives?

Accepted Answer

RPO (Recovery Point Objective). RTO and RPO are the key metrics for disaster recovery: time to recover and acceptable data loss.

Answer

MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures)

Answer

SLA (Service Level Agreement)

Answer

MTTR (Mean Time to Repair)

Question 2

A company deploys a stateless web application across two AWS Availability Zones behind a load balancer. This design primarily improves which characteristic?

Accepted Answer

High availability. Deploying across multiple AZs with a load balancer increases availability by eliminating single points of failure.

Answer

Cost efficiency

Answer

Scalability

Answer

Security

Question 3

Which storage type is most suitable for hosting a shared file system accessible by multiple virtual machines in a cloud environment?

Accepted Answer

File storage. File storage (option D) is the correct choice because it provides a hierarchical, shared file system that multiple virtual machines can mount simultaneously using standard protocols like NFS (Network File System) or SMB/CIFS. This allows concurrent read/write access with file-level locking, making it ideal for shared workloads such as home directories, content management, or collaboration tools in a cloud environment.

Answer

Archive storage

Answer

Object storage

Answer

Block storage

Question 4

An organization is migrating a legacy monolithic application to the cloud using a re-platform approach (lift and shift with minimal changes). After migration, performance is worse than on-premises. Which of the following is the BEST next step to improve performance without significant application changes?

Accepted Answer

Increase the size of the virtual machines and allocate more vCPUs.. In a re-platform (lift and shift) migration, the application's architecture remains unchanged, so performance issues often stem from insufficient cloud resources. Increasing the VM size and allocating more vCPUs directly addresses resource contention without requiring code modifications, making it the best immediate step.

Answer

Refactor the application into microservices and use Kubernetes.

Answer

Move the application to a containerized environment using Docker.

Answer

Implement a content delivery network (CDN) to cache static assets.

Question 5

A company uses Azure and needs shared file storage accessible from multiple Linux VMs using standard file sharing protocols. Which storage type should they choose?

Accepted Answer

Azure Files. Azure Files provides managed file shares accessible via SMB and NFS protocols.

Answer

Azure Archive Storage

Answer

Azure Disk Storage

Answer

Azure Blob Storage

Question 6

A company uses GitLab CI for its CI/CD pipeline. The pipeline includes a 'deploy' job that runs only when a tag is pushed. Which GitLab CI keyword should be used to control job execution based on tags?

Accepted Answer

only. The 'only' keyword (or 'rules') in GitLab CI specifies conditions for job execution. 'only: tags' ensures the job runs only for tags.

Answer

stage

Answer

except

Answer

needs

Question 7

An organization is migrating a MySQL database to Amazon Aurora with minimal downtime. The migration must capture ongoing changes from the source database and apply them to the target during the cutover. Which AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) feature should be used?

Accepted Answer

Change data capture (CDC). AWS DMS supports ongoing replication using change data capture (CDC), which continuously replicates changes from the source to the target with minimal downtime.

Answer

Validation

Answer

Full load only

Answer

Schema conversion

Question 8

A cloud architect is designing a multi-region application on AWS. The application has a critical database that must tolerate the failure of an entire AWS region. Which strategy provides the lowest RTO while ensuring data consistency?

Accepted Answer

Active-passive with synchronous replication. Active-passive with synchronous replication provides the lowest RTO for regional failure because the standby region has up-to-date data and can be promoted quickly, though synchronous replication may impact performance. Active-active requires conflict resolution. Asynchronous replication has higher RPO. Multi-cloud adds complexity and latency.

Answer

Active-active with asynchronous replication

Answer

Active-passive with asynchronous replication

Answer

Multi-cloud active-active with eventual consistency

Question 9

A DevOps team uses Ansible to automate cloud resource provisioning. Which of the following best describes Ansible's architecture?

Accepted Answer

It is agentless and uses SSH or WinRM to execute tasks.. Ansible is agentless and uses SSH or WinRM to connect to managed nodes, executing YAML playbooks.

Answer

It uses a declarative language similar to Terraform.

Answer

It uses a master-server architecture with a central controller.

Answer

It requires an agent installed on each managed node.

Question 10

A company wants to migrate a legacy application to the cloud. The application has a monolithic design and requires low-latency access to on-premises databases. The company needs to keep sensitive data on-premises due to regulatory compliance. Which cloud deployment model is most suitable?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid cloud. Hybrid cloud connects on-premises infrastructure with public cloud, allowing the legacy app to run in the cloud while maintaining low-latency access to on-premises databases and keeping sensitive data on-premises. Public cloud alone would not allow data residency. Private cloud is on-premises only, missing cloud benefits. Multi-cloud involves multiple public clouds, which does not address the on-premises requirement.

Answer

Public cloud

Answer

Multi-cloud

Answer

Private cloud

Question 11

A company wants to migrate a stateful application to the cloud but needs to ensure it can scale horizontally. What architectural change is required?

Accepted Answer

Move session state to a shared database or cache. Horizontal scaling requires stateless application design; sessions must be externalized to a shared data store.

Answer

Deploy in multiple availability zones

Answer

Implement sticky sessions on the load balancer

Answer

Use larger instance types

Question 12

A company is migrating a large on-premises application to AWS. The application uses a SQL Server database and requires minimal downtime. The database is 1 TB. Which THREE services or features should the team consider to achieve a successful migration with minimal downtime? (Select 3)

Accepted Answer

AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT). AWS DMS with CDC enables ongoing replication. AWS SCT converts the schema if needed. Snowball is for offline data transfer which would cause downtime. Direct Connect improves network stability. Boto3 is a Python SDK, not a migration service.

Answer

AWS Snowball

Answer

AWS Boto3

Question 13

An organization needs to connect its on-premises data center to a public cloud with a dedicated, low-latency, and consistent network connection. Which connectivity option should they use?

Accepted Answer

Direct Connect. Direct Connect (AWS) or ExpressRoute (Azure) provides dedicated private connectivity from on-premises to cloud.

Answer

Internet gateway

Answer

VPC peering

Answer

Site-to-site VPN

Question 14

A cloud engineer is creating an Ansible playbook to provision cloud resources on AWS. Ansible is agentless; it connects to managed nodes via SSH. Which component defines the desired state of cloud resources in Ansible?

Accepted Answer

Modules. Ansible uses modules to interact with cloud APIs. AWS modules, such as ec2, define the desired state of resources like EC2 instances.

Answer

Playbooks

Answer

Roles

Answer

Inventory

Question 15

A cloud engineer is designing a VPC in AWS for a three-tier web application. The web servers must be accessible from the internet, the application servers must be isolated from the internet but reachable by web servers, and the database servers must be isolated from both. How many subnets should be created, and which type should each be?

Accepted Answer

Three subnets: public for web, private for app, and private for database with stricter security groups. A three-tier architecture typically uses three subnets: public for web servers, private for application servers, and a database subnet (often private with additional restrictions). The database subnet is typically private, but the question asks for isolation, implying a separate subnet tier. A single subnet cannot provide isolation. Two subnets would combine two tiers, violating isolation.

Answer

Two subnets: public for web, private for app and database together

Answer

One public subnet for all tiers

Answer

Four subnets: two public for redundancy, two private for app and database