CCNA IP Routing Practice Test 13 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A route to 10.10.10.0/24 is learned through two OSPF paths. Both have the same prefix length and the same administrative distance, but one path has a lower OSPF metric. Which path is preferred?

Accepted Answer

The path with the lower OSPF metric. The path with the lower OSPF metric is preferred. In practical terms, when the prefix and route source are the same, the router uses the routing protocol’s internal path-selection logic. For OSPF, the lower metric is the more attractive path.

This is a clean example of metric-based selection within one routing protocol. Administrative distance is not the deciding factor here because the source protocol is the same on both paths.

Answer

The path with the higher OSPF metric

Answer

Both paths equally, because the administrative distance is the same

Answer

Neither path, because two OSPF routes to the same prefix are invalid

Question 2

A router learns the same destination prefix from OSPF and EIGRP. The prefix length is identical, and both routes are valid. Which route is preferred by default?

Accepted Answer

The EIGRP route. The EIGRP route is preferred by default because EIGRP has a lower default administrative distance than OSPF. In practical terms, once the prefix length is the same, the router compares source trust. Lower administrative distance wins. EIGRP’s default of 90 beats OSPF’s default of 110.

This is not a longest-prefix question. The prefix is identical, so the decision is about source preference rather than specificity.

Answer

The OSPF route

Answer

Both routes are installed equally because the prefix length matches

Answer

Neither route is used because protocols cannot advertise the same prefix

Question 3

A router has an OSPF-learned route to a destination prefix and also a directly connected route to a broader supernet that includes that destination. The OSPF route is more specific. Which route is used for the destination?

Accepted Answer

The more specific OSPF route. The more specific OSPF route is used. In practical terms, route specificity is checked before broader route-source considerations when the prefixes are different. Even though the connected route is a directly attached source and often strongly trusted, it still loses if it is less specific than another matching route.

This is a subtle route-selection question because it combines source type and specificity. The key is that longest-prefix match comes first.

Answer

The directly connected broader route

Answer

Both routes equally

Answer

Neither route can be used because the sources differ

Question 4

What is the main purpose of this configuration?

ipv6 route 2001:db8:100::/64 GigabitEthernet0/0

Accepted Answer

It creates a specific IPv6 static route to 2001:db8:100::/64 out GigabitEthernet0/0.. This configuration creates an IPv6 static route to a specific destination prefix through the named outgoing interface. In practical terms, the router is being told exactly how to reach that remote IPv6 network. This is not a default route and not a dynamic-routing statement. It is a manually defined path to one destination prefix.

The key concept is recognizing the difference between a specific static route and a default route.

Answer

It enables OSPFv3 on GigabitEthernet0/0.

Answer

It creates an IPv6 default route.

Answer

It converts the interface into a tunnel.

Question 5

R1 is an IPv6-only branch router. The administrator wants all unknown IPv6 destinations to be sent to the upstream router at 2001:db8:ff::1. Which command best achieves that goal?

Accepted Answer

ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:ff::1. The correct configuration is an IPv6 default static route pointing to the upstream next hop. In practical terms, this is the IPv6 version of a route of last resort. The router does not need specific entries for every remote IPv6 network if all unknown traffic should go to the upstream device.

The key distinction is that IPv6 static routing uses IPv6 syntax and the double-colon default prefix representation. This is a foundational branch-routing concept for IPv6 deployments.

Answer

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2001:db8:ff::1

Answer

ipv6 route 2001:db8:ff::/64 ::1

Answer

ipv6 default-gateway 2001:db8:ff::1

Question 6

Which WAN technology is most closely associated with establishing a direct point-to-point data-link connection between two routers over a serial link?

Accepted Answer

PPP. PPP is the WAN technology most closely associated with point-to-point serial connections between routers. In practical terms, it is a Layer 2 WAN encapsulation method commonly discussed in traditional serial WAN contexts. It supports features such as authentication and link negotiation that make it more flexible than older basic encapsulations.

This is one of the classic CCNA WAN topics.

Answer

CAPWAP

Answer

SNMP

Answer

STP

Question 7

What is the operational purpose of configuring the IPv6 route ::/0?

Accepted Answer

It provides a fallback path for unknown remote IPv6 destinations.. The configured route is a default route. In practical terms, it gives the router one simple next hop for any remote IPv6 destination that is not matched by a more specific entry. That is exactly what a small branch router often needs when it has a single upstream path.

This is the same design logic as an IPv4 default route, but with IPv6 syntax and addressing.

Answer

It enables OSPFv3 on the upstream interface.

Answer

It converts link-local addresses into global unicast addresses.

Answer

It summarizes all IPv6 routes into one /64 route.

Question 8

A company wants to connect two sites across an IP network by creating a logical tunnel between the edge routers. Which technology is most directly associated with that requirement?

Accepted Answer

GRE. GRE is the most directly associated technology because it creates a logical tunnel between routers across an existing IP network. In practical terms, it allows the routers to treat the path as a virtual point-to-point connection for encapsulated traffic.

The question is specifically about tunneling between sites, not about plain routing, management, or switching behavior.

Answer

PortFast

Answer

DHCP relay

Answer

Root guard

Question 9

An administrator configures a GRE tunnel interface on a router with the following: interface Tunnel0, tunnel source GigabitEthernet0/0, tunnel destination 192.168.2.2. What is the main purpose of this configured tunnel?

Accepted Answer

It creates a logical tunnel across another network.. GRE is a tunneling mechanism used to carry one type of traffic over another network path by encapsulating packets. In practical terms, the configuration creates a logical tunnel between endpoints so traffic can cross an underlying IP network as if a virtual path existed between them. The key point is that GRE is about tunneling, not encryption by itself.

This distinction matters because people often assume tunnels automatically imply encryption. GRE by itself does not provide that.

Answer

It enables PPP authentication on a serial interface.

Answer

It configures WPA3 security for a wireless bridge.

Answer

It enables BGP between autonomous systems automatically.

Question 10

What is an autonomous system in basic BGP terminology?

Accepted Answer

A collection of networks and routers under common administrative routing control. An autonomous system is a collection of IP networks and routers under a common routing policy or administrative control. In practical terms, it is the domain boundary concept used in BGP discussions. BGP uses AS concepts to reason about routing between separate administrative networks.

This is one of the first BGP ideas learners need to understand.

Answer

A single switch VLAN

Answer

A specific OSPF area inside one router

Answer

A type of wireless access point

Question 11

Why is a default route useful on a small branch router connected to a single upstream provider?

Accepted Answer

It provides a simple next hop for unknown destinations toward the upstream connection.. A default route is useful because it gives the branch a simple fallback next hop for destinations the router does not know specifically. In practical terms, the branch router does not need a full table of every external destination if all unknown traffic should go upstream. That keeps the design simple and efficient.

This is one of the most practical default-route use cases in small or edge networks.

Answer

It makes every route more specific.

Answer

It replaces the need for any interface addressing.

Answer

It forces all users into one VLAN.

Question 12

Based on the exhibit, why is traffic to host 198.51.100.70 using the OSPF route instead of the static route?

Accepted Answer

Because the OSPF /26 route is more specific than the static /24 route.. The traffic uses the OSPF route because it is the more specific match. In practical terms, the router evaluates destination-prefix specificity before comparing route source preference. The static route points to a broader /24, while the OSPF entry points to a narrower /26 that still contains the destination. Because longest-prefix match comes first, the /26 route wins.

This is a good reminder that static routes do not automatically beat dynamic routes when the prefixes are different. Specificity matters first, then source preference only when the prefix length is the same.

Answer

Because OSPF always overrides static routing, regardless of prefix length.

Answer

Because the static route must have an administrative distance of 255 to be considered.

Answer

Because the destination 198.51.100.70 is outside both listed routes.

Question 13

A branch router uses PPP on a serial WAN link. Which additional PPP capability most directly improves access security on that link?

Accepted Answer

PPP authentication. PPP authentication most directly improves access security on the link. In practical terms, authentication helps verify the identity of the peer rather than simply bringing up the point-to-point connection without validation. That makes PPP more useful than a bare unauthenticated link in environments where peer identity matters.

At CCNA level, the important point is recognizing that PPP is associated with optional authentication capability on WAN links.

Answer

STP root election

Answer

Wireless roaming

Answer

IPv6 loopback addressing

Question 14

A router has a static route for 172.16.10.128/25 and an OSPF-learned route for 172.16.10.0/24. When forwarding traffic to 172.16.10.130, why does the router use the static route instead of the OSPF route?

Accepted Answer

Because the static /25 route is more specific than the OSPF /24 route.. The static route is used because it is the more specific match. In practical terms, route selection starts with prefix specificity. The destination 172.16.10.130 matches both routes shown, but the static /25 is more specific than the OSPF /24. Because longest-prefix match comes first, the static route is chosen regardless of the different route sources.

This is a classic route-selection interpretation question that tests whether you prioritize specificity correctly.

Answer

Because static routes always beat OSPF even when they are less specific.

Answer

Because OSPF routes cannot be used for Class B networks.

Answer

Because the OSPF metric is lower than the static administrative distance.

Question 15

Which two statements accurately describe why BGP is often relevant at an Internet or multi-provider edge?

Accepted Answer

It is associated with routing between autonomous systems.. BGP is often relevant at the edge because it is associated with route exchange between autonomous systems and large external routing domains. In practical terms, this makes it a natural protocol to discuss where organizations connect to providers or exchange external reachability. It is not just another interior campus protocol.

The question is about conceptual fit, not deep BGP attribute tuning.

Answer

It is mainly used to replace STP on access switches.

Answer

It is required before DHCP relay can function.

Answer

It is the protocol used by CAPWAP for AP discovery.