AZ-900 Practice Exam 64 — 20 Questions

Question 1

Which Azure service translates text between languages using neural machine translation?

Accepted Answer

Azure Cognitive Services Translator. Azure Cognitive Services Translator is the correct service because it provides neural machine translation (NMT) capabilities, which use deep learning models to translate text between languages with high accuracy and fluency. Unlike traditional statistical methods, NMT considers the full context of a sentence, producing more natural translations. This service is specifically designed for text-to-text translation tasks.

Answer

Azure Language Understanding

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Azure Speech Service

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Azure Text Analytics

Question 2

What is the primary difference between CapEx (Capital Expenditure) and OpEx (Operational Expenditure) in the context of IT spending?

Accepted Answer

CapEx requires large upfront investment in physical assets; OpEx is pay-as-you-go spending. CapEx involves a significant upfront investment in physical IT assets like servers, storage, and networking equipment, which are then depreciated over their useful life. OpEx, in contrast, aligns with cloud services where you pay only for what you consume (e.g., per-hour VM usage, per-GB storage), with no large initial outlay. This fundamental shift from owning to renting infrastructure is a core concept in Azure and cloud computing.

Answer

CapEx is recurring monthly spending; OpEx is a one-time purchase

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CapEx is tax-deductible immediately; OpEx is depreciated over years

Answer

CapEx and OpEx are identical for cloud services

Question 3

Which Azure service provides application-level, request-based routing with session persistence for web workloads?

Accepted Answer

Azure Application Gateway. Azure Application Gateway is a Layer 7 (HTTP/HTTPS) load balancer that provides application-level, request-based routing based on URL path, host headers, or other HTTP attributes. It also supports session persistence (also known as sticky sessions) using cookies, which ensures that all requests from a client during a session are directed to the same backend server. This makes it the correct choice for web workloads requiring request-level routing and session affinity.

Answer

Azure Load Balancer

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Azure Traffic Manager

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Azure Front Door

Question 4

A company is migrating a legacy customer relationship management (CRM) application to Azure infrastructure as a service (IaaS). The application runs on Windows Server and uses a third-party database. The company's IT team will manage the application and database software. However, they want to minimize their operational overhead for tasks that Azure can handle automatically. According to the shared responsibility model, which of the following tasks is the responsibility of Microsoft?

Accepted Answer

Replacing a failed physical hard disk drive in the Azure data center.. In the shared responsibility model, Microsoft is responsible for the 'physical' aspects of the cloud, including the hardware, network, and data center infrastructure. Replacing a failed physical hard disk drive is a physical infrastructure task that falls under Microsoft's responsibility, as the customer has no access to the underlying hardware in an IaaS environment.

Answer

Applying security updates to the CRM application code.

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Configuring firewall rules within the virtual network.

Answer

Installing the latest Windows Server security patches on the virtual machine.

Question 5

What does the term 'fault tolerance' mean in cloud computing?

Accepted Answer

The ability to continue operating despite component failures. Fault tolerance is the ability of a system to continue operating without interruption when one or more of its components fail. In Azure, this is achieved through redundancy at multiple layers—such as using Availability Zones or redundant hardware—so that a failure in a single server, network path, or power supply does not bring down the entire workload. This is distinct from high availability, which focuses on minimizing downtime, whereas fault tolerance aims for zero downtime even during failures.

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The ability to scale resources up and down automatically

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The ability to recover data after accidental deletion

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The ability to deploy applications across multiple regions

Question 6

A company has a simple containerized web application that runs in a single container. The application processes a workload for a few minutes every hour and remains idle the rest of the time. The company wants to deploy the container in Azure without managing any virtual machines or container orchestrators. They also want to pay only for the time the container is actually running, with no cost when idle. Which Azure compute service should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Container Instances. Azure Container Instances (ACI) is the correct choice because it allows you to run a containerized application without managing any underlying virtual machines or container orchestrators like Kubernetes. ACI supports a per-second billing model, meaning you only pay for the compute resources consumed while the container is actively running, and incur no cost when the container is stopped or idle. This aligns perfectly with the company's requirement of a simple, single-container workload that runs intermittently.

Answer

Azure App Service

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Azure Virtual Machine Scale Sets

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Azure Kubernetes Service

Question 7

Which type of expenditure does cloud computing convert infrastructure costs into?

Accepted Answer

Operational expenditure (OpEx). Cloud computing converts infrastructure costs from capital expenditure (CapEx) to operational expenditure (OpEx) because you pay for compute, storage, and networking resources on a consumption-based model (pay-as-you-go) rather than purchasing physical hardware upfront. This shift allows organizations to avoid large upfront investments and instead pay for only what they use, aligning costs with actual usage and reducing financial risk.

Answer

Capital expenditure (CapEx)

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Research and development expenditure (R&D)

Answer

Capital and operational expenditure equally

Question 8

What is the definition of 'governance' in the context of Azure cloud management?

Accepted Answer

Establishing policies and controls to ensure cloud resources comply with organizational standards. Governance in Azure refers to the framework of policies, roles, and controls that enforce compliance with organizational standards. This is implemented through tools like Azure Policy, which applies rules to resources, and Azure Blueprints, which packages governance artifacts. It ensures that resources are provisioned and managed according to regulatory and business requirements, not just technically managed.

Answer

The process of migrating on-premises workloads to Azure

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The technical management of Azure virtual machines

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Monitoring Azure service performance metrics

Question 9

A company has multiple Azure subscriptions for different development teams. They need to define a repeatable environment that includes a set of Azure policies, role assignments, and resource templates that must be applied to any new subscription created for a project. Which Azure service should they use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Blueprints. Azure Blueprints is the correct service because it enables the orchestrated deployment of a repeatable environment that includes Azure Policy assignments, role-based access control (RBAC) assignments, and Azure Resource Manager (ARM) template deployments as a single composable artifact. Unlike individual services, Blueprints packages these components together and supports versioning, allowing teams to consistently apply the same governance and resource definitions to any new subscription created for a project.

Answer

Azure Policy

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Azure Resource Manager

Answer

Azure Management Groups

Question 10

A company wants to pay only for the compute resources they actually use, with no upfront costs. They can scale up or down based on demand. Which cloud pricing model does this describe?

Accepted Answer

B) Pay-as-you-go. The pay-as-you-go model (also called consumption-based pricing) allows a company to pay only for the compute resources they actually consume, with no upfront costs or long-term commitments. This model provides the flexibility to scale resources up or down based on real-time demand, aligning costs directly with usage. It is the standard pricing model for most cloud services, including Azure virtual machines and App Service plans, when no reservation or spot discount is applied.

Answer

A) Reserved capacity

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C) Spot pricing

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D) Hybrid benefit

Question 11

A company has a production resource group that contains several Azure virtual machines and a SQL database. The company wants to ensure that no user can accidentally delete these resources, but authorized administrators must still be able to modify the configuration and update the resources. The company needs a straightforward governance feature that can be applied directly to the resource group and can be removed only by an authorized user with the Owner role. Which Azure feature should the company use?

Accepted Answer

A Delete lock on the resource group.. A Delete lock on the resource group prevents users from deleting the resource group and its resources, while still allowing authorized administrators with the Owner role to modify configurations and update resources. This lock can only be removed by a user with the Owner role, meeting the requirement for a straightforward governance feature applied directly to the resource group.

Answer

Azure Policy with a Deny effect to block resource deletions.

Answer

A Read-Only lock on the resource group.

Answer

An Azure RBAC role assignment that excludes the Delete action for all users.

Question 12

A retail company migrates its e-commerce platform to Azure Virtual Machines. The workload is seasonal, with high traffic during holiday sales and low traffic otherwise. To manage costs, the IT team configures Azure Automation to power off VMs during low-traffic periods and power them back on when demand increases. The company's monthly bill reflects charges only for the hours each VM was actually running; no charges are incurred for the time the VMs were in the 'Stopped (deallocated)' state. This consumption-based billing model is a direct example of which fundamental characteristic of cloud computing?

Accepted Answer

Measured service. The scenario describes a consumption-based billing model where charges are incurred only for the hours each VM is actually running, and no charges apply when VMs are in the 'Stopped (deallocated)' state. This directly exemplifies the 'measured service' characteristic of cloud computing, where resource usage (e.g., compute hours) is metered and billed based on actual consumption, enabling pay-as-you-go pricing.

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Rapid elasticity

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Resource pooling

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Broad network access

Question 13

An organization needs to meet GDPR data residency requirements ensuring personal data of EU residents is stored only within the EU. How does Azure support this?

Accepted Answer

Azure provides EU regions and contractual commitments enabling customers to keep EU data within EU boundaries. Azure supports GDPR data residency by offering data center regions within the EU (e.g., West Europe, North Europe, France Central) and including contractual commitments in the Microsoft Online Services Terms that guarantee customer data remains stored in the chosen EU region. Customers must explicitly select these regions during resource deployment and can use Azure Policy to enforce region restrictions, but the core support comes from Azure's physical infrastructure and legal agreements, not automatic enforcement.

Answer

Azure automatically stores all EU customer data in EU regions without configuration

Answer

Azure cannot support GDPR data residency as it's a US company

Answer

Data residency is automatically enforced by Azure Policy without customer configuration

Question 14

A company uses a public cloud provider that shares the same physical infrastructure among many customers. This allows the provider to offer lower prices due to economies of scale. Which cloud characteristic describes the sharing of infrastructure?

Accepted Answer

Resource pooling. Resource pooling is the cloud characteristic that allows a provider to serve multiple customers from the same physical infrastructure, using multi-tenant models. This sharing enables economies of scale because the provider can amortize hardware costs across many tenants, reducing per-customer pricing. The scenario directly describes multi-tenancy and shared infrastructure, which is the essence of resource pooling.

Answer

Measured service

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Rapid elasticity

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On-demand self-service

Question 15

What is the shared responsibility model in cloud computing?

Accepted Answer

A framework dividing security responsibilities between the cloud provider and the customer. The shared responsibility model defines the division of security and compliance obligations between the cloud provider and the customer. The provider is responsible for the security 'of' the cloud (physical hosts, network, hypervisor), while the customer is responsible for security 'in' the cloud (data, access management, OS configuration). This division varies by service model (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), but the core principle is that security is a shared, not transferred, responsibility.

Answer

The provider and customer each pay half the cost of cloud services

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An agreement where customers share their infrastructure with other cloud users

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A service where two cloud providers share management of customer workloads

Question 16

What is the Azure portal?

Accepted Answer

A web-based graphical console for creating, managing, and monitoring Azure resources. The Azure portal is a web-based graphical user interface (GUI) that allows users to create, manage, and monitor Azure resources through a browser. It provides a unified console for tasks such as deploying virtual machines, configuring networking, and viewing cost analytics, without requiring command-line tools or local software.

Answer

A marketplace for purchasing Azure hardware for on-premises deployment

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A command-line tool for automating Azure resource deployments

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A documentation site for Azure services

Question 17

Which Azure feature provides a way to audit and track access to sensitive resources using detailed logs?

Accepted Answer

Azure Activity Log and Diagnostic Logs. Azure Activity Log and Diagnostic Logs together provide a comprehensive auditing and tracking mechanism for sensitive resources. The Activity Log records control-plane events (e.g., who created or deleted a resource), while Diagnostic Logs capture data-plane events (e.g., read/write operations on a storage account or key vault). This combination allows administrators to trace every access attempt, including successful and failed operations, with detailed timestamps, caller identities, and request payloads.

Answer

Azure AD Sign-in logs

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Azure Network Security Group flow logs

Answer

Azure Advisor audit recommendations

Question 18

A company is planning to migrate its on-premises workloads to Azure. The IT team is concerned about the cost of maintaining physical servers, power, and cooling in their data center. They want to understand how moving to Azure changes their operational expenses. Which cloud benefit directly addresses the reduction of these physical infrastructure costs?

Accepted Answer

Operational expenditure (OpEx) model. The scenario describes a company wanting to reduce costs associated with owning and maintaining physical servers, power, and cooling. Adopting an operational expenditure model with Azure means they no longer purchase and maintain that hardware; instead, they pay for what they use. This directly addresses the reduction of physical infrastructure costs, unlike high availability, elasticity, or economies of scale, which focus on uptime, scaling, or provider cost advantages respectively.

Answer

Economies of scale

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Elasticity

Answer

High availability

Question 19

A company is evaluating cloud deployment models. They want to move some workloads to the public cloud but must keep certain sensitive data on their own servers due to regulatory requirements. They also want to leverage cloud services for scalability during peak periods. Which cloud deployment model should they choose?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid cloud. The company needs to keep sensitive data on-premises for regulatory reasons while also using cloud services for scalability. A hybrid cloud deployment model integrates on-premises infrastructure with public cloud services, allowing workloads to run where they are most appropriate. This satisfies both the compliance requirement and the need for elastic scalability, which neither public, private, nor community cloud alone can fully provide.

Answer

Private cloud

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Community cloud

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Public cloud

Question 20

A small company runs a noncritical development workload in Azure. The IT administrator wants to estimate the monthly cost of the planned virtual machines, storage accounts, and outbound bandwidth before creating anything, and needs the estimate to reflect a chosen Azure region and currency. Which Azure tool should the administrator use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Pricing calculator. The Azure Pricing calculator is the pre-deployment estimation tool: you add services, set regions and quantities, and it returns projected monthly costs in the selected currency. Because nothing has been deployed, tools that analyze existing usage such as Microsoft Cost Management or Advisor are unsuitable. The calculator directly supports comparing regional pricing, which the administrator explicitly needs.

Answer

Azure Advisor

Answer

Azure Migrate

Answer

Microsoft Cost Management