SAP-C02 Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization Practice Test 21 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company is migrating a large .NET application from Windows Server on-premises to AWS. The application uses a SQL Server database. The company wants to reduce licensing costs by using open-source alternatives where possible. However, the application code heavily uses SQL Server-specific features like CLR integration, linked servers, and T-SQL stored procedures. What is the most cost-effective migration strategy?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 Windows Server and use Amazon RDS for SQL Server with a license-included option. Replatforming the database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server retains the SQL Server-specific features while reducing operational overhead. Moving to Aurora PostgreSQL or MySQL would require significant code changes. Rehosting on EC2 SQL Server does not reduce licensing costs.

Answer

Rehost both application and database on Amazon EC2 with SQL Server licenses brought to AWS

Answer

Refactor the application to use a microservices architecture with separate databases

Answer

Replatform the database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL and rewrite the database code to be compatible

Question 2

A company is migrating a legacy PHP application running on a single on-premises server to AWS. The application stores session data locally on the server's filesystem. The company wants to achieve high availability and elasticity for the application on AWS. What should the company do to handle session state in the new architecture?

Accepted Answer

Store session data in Amazon ElastiCache for Redis. Using ElastiCache for session storage decouples session state from individual servers, allowing the application to scale horizontally. Sticky sessions with an ALB ties a user to a specific instance, which reduces availability if that instance fails. Storing sessions on EFS is possible but slower than ElastiCache. Re-architecting to use Cognito is unnecessary for session state.

Answer

Configure an Application Load Balancer with sticky sessions enabled

Answer

Use Amazon EFS to share the session files across multiple EC2 instances

Answer

Refactor the application to use Amazon Cognito for session management

Question 3

A company wants to migrate its on-premises Active Directory to AWS Managed Microsoft AD to support Windows-based workloads on AWS. The company has a complex Active Directory structure with multiple domains, group policies, and trusts with external directories. Which migration approach should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Establish a forest trust between the on-premises AD and AWS Managed Microsoft AD, then gradually move resources to AWS. Setting up a trust between the on-premises AD and AWS Managed Microsoft AD allows gradual migration of resources. This maintains existing authentication and group policies during the transition. Replacing AD with IAM is not suitable for Windows workloads. Replicating the entire AD structure via AD Connector is not possible. A full rebuild is complex and risky.

Answer

Replace Active Directory with AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) for all authentication

Answer

Rebuild the entire Active Directory structure from scratch in AWS Managed Microsoft AD

Answer

Use AD Connector to proxy authentication requests from AWS to the on-premises AD

Question 4

Which TWO of the following are best practices for migrating a large-scale relational database to Amazon Aurora using AWS DMS? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Use multiple parallel DMS tasks to improve throughput. Using parallel tasks improves throughput. Validating data after migration ensures consistency. Disabling foreign keys may cause data integrity issues. Using largest instance type may not be cost-effective. Using CDC reduces downtime.

Answer

Disable foreign key constraints on the target database during migration to speed up the load

Answer

Use the largest DMS replication instance to maximize performance

Answer

Migrate while the source database is fully active without any downtime

Question 5

Which THREE of the following are common challenges when migrating a monolithic application to a microservices architecture on AWS? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Managing distributed transactions across multiple services. Distributed transactions, data consistency, and network latency are well-known challenges. Autoscaling is a benefit. Single database bottleneck can be solved with polyglot persistence.

Answer

Single database bottleneck when all services share the same database

Answer

Difficulty in scaling individual services independently

Question 6

Which TWO AWS services can be used together to automate the discovery and migration of on-premises servers to AWS? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

AWS Application Migration Service (MGN). AWS MGN automates server migration. AWS Application Discovery Service helps discover on-premises server inventory. AWS DMS is for databases. AWS SMS is deprecated. AWS DataSync is for file/object storage.

Answer

AWS DataSync

Answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)

Answer

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS)

Question 7

A migration engineer is setting up an AWS DMS task to migrate data from an on-premises Oracle database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The engineer attaches this IAM policy to the DMS service role. The DMS task fails with an error indicating insufficient privileges. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The policy does not allow the dms:CreateEndpoint action. DMS needs permission to describe endpoints and test connections, which are not in the policy. The policy allows creating and starting tasks but not the prerequisite actions like creating endpoints. S3 access is correct if using S3 as a source/target, but the core issue is missing endpoint permissions.

Answer

The policy does not allow the s3:ListBucket action for the S3 bucket

Answer

The policy does not allow the dms:TestConnection action

Answer

The policy does not allow the rds:ModifyDBInstance action

Question 8

A migration engineer is using AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) to migrate a Windows server from on-premises. The engineer runs the command above and sees the source server is in the "READY_FOR_TEST" state. What should the engineer do next?

Accepted Answer

Launch a test instance to validate the migration. The READY_FOR_TEST state indicates the initial replication is complete and a test instance can be launched. The next step is to launch a test instance to validate the migration. Cutting over immediately without testing is risky. Resuming data replication is for troubleshooting. Checking the recommended instance type is optional but not the next required step.

Answer

Perform the cutover to the AWS environment

Answer

Modify the source server's recommended instance type to a smaller size

Answer

Resume data replication from the source server

Question 9

A company is migrating a legacy Java-based customer relationship management (CRM) system from on-premises to AWS. The application currently runs on a single physical server with a monolithic architecture. The application stores data in an Oracle database on a separate server. The company has purchased a third-party migration tool that can convert Oracle stored procedures to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL-compatible code. The migration team has successfully migrated the database to Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS DMS with ongoing CDC. The application now runs on a single EC2 instance in a test environment. However, during load testing, the application experiences high latency and intermittent timeouts when accessing the database. The team notices that the application makes many short-lived database connections and uses a connection pool that was configured for the on-premises environment. The team has also observed that the application logs show a high number of connection timeouts. The company wants to modernize the application to be highly available and scalable on AWS. Which combination of actions should the team take to resolve the performance issues and achieve the company's goals?

Accepted Answer

Deploy the application on Amazon ECS with Fargate, and use Amazon RDS Proxy to manage database connections efficiently. Refactor the application to separate components into multiple microservices.. The issue is likely due to the connection pool being inefficient for the cloud environment and the monolithic architecture not scaling. Deploying the application as microservices on containers with an RDS Proxy for connection pooling addresses both performance and high availability. Simply increasing connection pool size may overwhelm the database. Using Lambda would require significant refactoring. Vertical scaling does not provide high availability.

Answer

Use Amazon ElastiCache to cache database query results and reduce the number of direct database connections. Keep the application on a single EC2 instance but use an Auto Scaling group with a minimum of one instance.

Answer

Increase the connection pool size in the application configuration to handle more concurrent requests. Then deploy the application on a larger EC2 instance to handle the load.

Answer

Migrate the application to run on AWS Lambda with a connection pool managed by the Lambda function. Use Amazon RDS Proxy to handle the database connections.

Question 10

A company is migrating a monolithic e-commerce application to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server running Windows Server and SQL Server. The company wants to minimize re-architecting effort and time to migrate. Which migration strategy should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 Windows instances with SQL Server. Option C is correct: Rehost (lift-and-shift) involves moving the application as-is to AWS, minimizing changes and time. Option A (Refactor) requires significant re-architecting. Option B (Replatform) involves some optimization but still requires changes. Option D (Retire) is not applicable as the application is needed.

Answer

Retire the application and replace it with a SaaS solution

Answer

Refactor the application to use microservices on Amazon ECS

Answer

Replatform the application to use Amazon RDS for SQL Server

Question 11

A company is migrating workloads to AWS using AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN). The source servers are running on VMware vSphere. After installing the AWS Replication Agent on the source servers, the migration waves are set up. However, during a test cutover, the test instance fails to launch with an error 'Insufficient IP address space in the target VPC'. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The target VPC subnet does not have enough available IP addresses. Option B is correct: AWS MGN creates instances with IPs from the target VPC subnet; insufficient IPs cause launch failure. Option A (replication settings) affect data replication, not launch. Option C (IAM permissions) typically cause access denied, not IP error. Option D (license agreement) would show different errors.

Answer

The replication settings specify a subnet with an incorrect CIDR block

Answer

The IAM role for AWS MGN does not have permissions to create network interfaces

Answer

The AWS MGN service is not enabled in the target AWS Region

Question 12

A company is migrating a legacy .NET Framework 4.8 application to AWS. The application uses Windows authentication integrated with Active Directory and relies on a shared file system for configuration files. The company wants to minimize operational overhead and use managed services. Which combination of AWS services should the company use to modernize the application?

Accepted Answer

AWS Managed Microsoft AD, Amazon FSx for Windows File Server, and AWS Elastic Beanstalk for .NET on Windows. Option C is correct: AWS Managed Microsoft AD provides Windows authentication, FSx for Windows File Server provides a managed shared file system, and App Runner is not suitable for .NET; Elastic Beanstalk with Windows platform supports .NET and reduces overhead. Option A uses EFS which does not support Windows authentication natively. Option B uses RDS for SQL Server which is not needed. Option D uses S3 which cannot replace a shared file system for Windows apps.

Answer

AWS Managed Microsoft AD, Amazon EFS, and AWS Elastic Beanstalk for .NET on Windows

Answer

Amazon Cognito, Amazon RDS for SQL Server, and AWS Lambda

Answer

AWS Directory Service for Microsoft AD, Amazon S3, and AWS App Runner

Question 13

A company is migrating a multi-tier web application to AWS. The application consists of a web tier, an application tier, and a database tier. The company wants to use AWS services to improve scalability and reduce management overhead. The web and application tiers run on Linux. The database is Oracle running on Linux. Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Accepted Answer

Deploy the web and application tiers using AWS Elastic Beanstalk with an Auto Scaling group. Migrate the database to Amazon RDS for Oracle.. Option D is correct: Elastic Beanstalk manages web and app tiers automatically, and RDS for Oracle manages the database. Option A (EC2 + Auto Scaling) requires more manual management. Option B (ECS + Fargate) is more complex for a simple migration. Option C (ECS + EC2) requires managing EC2 instances.

Answer

Deploy web and application tiers on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS for Oracle DB instance.

Answer

Containerize the web and application tiers and deploy them on Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate. Migrate the database to Amazon RDS for Oracle.

Answer

Deploy web and application tiers on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. Migrate the database to Oracle on Amazon RDS Custom.

Question 14

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS. The application requires consistent performance and low latency. The company has selected an instance type that meets the performance requirements. However, during testing, the application experiences variable performance due to CPU stealing from other instances on the same physical host. What should the company do to mitigate this issue?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon EC2 Dedicated Hosts for the instances. Option A is correct: Dedicated Hosts provide dedicated physical servers, eliminating CPU stealing. Option B (placement group) helps with network performance, not CPU isolation. Option C (T2/T3 unlimited) is for burstable instances, not dedicated. Option D (C5 instance) does not prevent CPU stealing.

Answer

Launch instances in a cluster placement group

Answer

Use T2 or T3 instances with the unlimited credit option

Answer

Switch to a compute-optimized instance type such as C5

Question 15

A company is migrating a large-scale batch processing workload from on-premises to AWS. The workload runs on a schedule and processes data files from an FTP server. The company wants to use AWS services that are serverless and event-driven to reduce operational overhead. The data files will be uploaded to an Amazon S3 bucket. Which solution meets these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon S3 Event Notifications to invoke an AWS Lambda function that processes the file. Option D is correct: S3 events can trigger Lambda, which processes the file. Option A (AWS Batch) is not serverless in the sense of event-driven; it requires compute resources. Option B (Step Functions) is for orchestrating workflows, not direct processing. Option C (Glue) is for ETL, not general batch processing.

Answer

Use Amazon S3 Event Notifications to invoke an AWS Batch job that processes the file

Answer

Use AWS Glue to crawl the S3 bucket and run an ETL job on a schedule

Answer

Use Amazon S3 Event Notifications to start an AWS Step Functions workflow that runs processing on Amazon EC2