SAP-C02 Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization Practice Test 15 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company is migrating a 10 TB Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The database is business-critical and must have minimal downtime. The company has set up AWS DMS with ongoing replication from the source. During the migration, the company notices that DMS is failing with an error indicating insufficient memory. What should the company do to resolve this issue and complete the migration?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Increase the instance class of the DMS replication instance. AWS DMS replication instances have finite memory allocated to cache changes during ongoing replication (CDC). When the volume of cached changes exceeds the instance's memory, DMS fails with an insufficient memory error. Increasing the instance class of the DMS replication instance (Option B) provides more memory to handle the cache, resolving the error without disrupting the migration.

Answer

Increase the memory on the source Oracle database

Answer

Change the DMS task to use change data capture (CDC) only and skip the full load

Answer

Split the migration into multiple smaller tasks

Question 2

A company is migrating a multi-tier application to AWS and wants to modernize by using containers and serverless technologies. The application consists of a Node.js frontend, a Java backend, and a PostgreSQL database. The company wants to reduce operational overhead and improve scalability. Which TWO strategies should the company use? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Migrate the database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL reduces operational overhead by managing backups, patching, and replication, while providing scalability through read replicas and storage auto-scaling. This aligns with the goal of modernizing the database layer without changing the database engine, avoiding the need to refactor the application to use a NoSQL database like DynamoDB.

Answer

Refactor the Node.js frontend to run on AWS Lambda with Amazon API Gateway

Answer

Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB

Answer

Deploy the Java backend on Amazon EC2 with Auto Scaling

Question 3

A company is planning to modernize a legacy Java application that runs on a single on-premises server. The application uses a proprietary file-based storage system. The company wants to migrate to AWS with the following goals: reduce operational overhead, improve availability, and minimize code changes. Which TWO strategies should the company use? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) to migrate the application server to Amazon EC2. AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) enables lift-and-shift of the application server to Amazon EC2 with minimal code changes, reducing operational overhead. Amazon EFS provides a managed NFS file system that can replace the proprietary file-based storage without code modifications, improving availability. Option D (RDS) is incorrect because migrating file-based data to a relational database would require significant application changes, contradicting the goal of minimizing code changes.

Answer

Migrate the proprietary storage to Amazon S3

Answer

Migrate the proprietary storage to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL

Answer

Refactor the application into microservices and deploy on Amazon EKS

Question 4

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS and wants to ensure business continuity during the cutover. The migration plan includes a pilot light strategy. Which of the following BEST describes the pilot light pattern?

Accepted Answer

Replicate data to AWS and run a minimal version of the application that can be scaled up during cutover.. The pilot light pattern is a disaster recovery strategy where core data is continuously replicated to AWS, and a minimal version of the application (e.g., a small EC2 instance running the application stack) is kept running. During cutover, this minimal environment is rapidly scaled up to full production capacity. This matches option C, as it describes replicating data and running a minimal version that can be scaled up.

Answer

Take regular backups and restore them in AWS during cutover.

Answer

Run a scaled-down but fully functional version of the environment in AWS at all times.

Answer

Run the application simultaneously in both environments and route traffic to both.

Question 5

A company is migrating a legacy application that uses SOAP web services to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server. The company wants to minimize changes and reduce operational overhead. Which approach should the company take?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 using AWS Application Migration Service (MGN).. Rehosting the application on Amazon EC2 using AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) minimizes changes by lifting and shifting the entire on-premises server, including the SOAP web services, to AWS with minimal modification. This approach reduces operational overhead by automating server replication and cutover, avoiding the need to refactor or containerize the application, which aligns with the requirement to minimize changes.

Answer

Refactor the SOAP web services to RESTful APIs and deploy on Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda.

Answer

Containerize the application and deploy it on Amazon ECS using Fargate.

Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to migrate the database and redeploy the application manually.

Question 6

A company is migrating a large e-commerce platform to AWS using a lift-and-shift approach. The application consists of a web tier, application tier, and a MySQL database. After migration, users report intermittent slow page loads. The operations team notices high CPU utilization on the application tier instances. Which THREE steps should the team take to address the performance issues?

Accepted Answer

Implement Amazon CloudFront to cache static content and reduce load on the web tier.. Implementing Amazon CloudFront to cache static content offloads requests from the web tier, reducing the number of dynamic requests that reach the application tier. This directly lowers CPU utilization on the application instances by minimizing the processing overhead for repeated static asset deliveries.

Answer

Replace the current application tier instances with larger instance types.

Answer

Move the MySQL database to Amazon RDS for MySQL and enable Multi-AZ deployment.

Question 7

A company is migrating a monolithic Java application to AWS. The current architecture uses a single Oracle database. The migration plan is to refactor the application into microservices and use separate Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL databases per service. The company also wants to implement a CI/CD pipeline using AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild. Which tool should the company use to automate the database schema changes for each microservice?

Accepted Answer

Flyway, integrated into the CI/CD pipeline to run database migrations as part of the application deployment.. Flyway is a database migration tool that integrates directly into CI/CD pipelines, allowing schema changes to be version-controlled and applied automatically during application deployment. For a microservices architecture with separate PostgreSQL databases, Flyway can manage each service's schema independently, ensuring consistency and rollback capability. This aligns with the requirement to automate schema changes per microservice as part of the migration and modernization effort.

Answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to continuously replicate schema changes from the source Oracle database.

Answer

AWS CloudFormation with custom resource Lambda functions to run SQL scripts.

Answer

AWS CLI scripts executed in CodeBuild to run SQL commands against the target databases.

Question 8

A company is migrating its on-premises PostgreSQL database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The database is 2 TB in size and has a 24-hour maintenance window on weekends. The company needs to minimize downtime and ensure data consistency. Which strategy should the solutions architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication from the on-premises database to Aurora, then perform a cutover during the maintenance window.. AWS DMS with ongoing replication (change data capture, CDC) allows the on-premises PostgreSQL database to be continuously synchronized with the target Aurora PostgreSQL cluster, minimizing downtime. When the cutover is performed during the 24-hour maintenance window, data consistency is ensured because all changes up to that point have been replicated. This approach avoids the need for a lengthy full database dump and restore, which would cause extended downtime.

Answer

Create an Aurora read replica from the on-premises database using a VPN connection.

Answer

Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to convert the schema and then use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with full load only.

Answer

Perform a full pg_dump of the on-premises database and restore it to Aurora using pg_restore.

Question 9

A company is using AWS DMS to migrate a SQL Server database to Amazon Redshift. The initial full load completed, but the ongoing replication task failed with the error shown. What is the MOST likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The source SQL Server transaction log has not been backed up or truncated, causing it to become full.. The error indicates that AWS DMS cannot read the source SQL Server transaction log to capture ongoing changes. This typically occurs when the transaction log is full because it has not been backed up or truncated, preventing DMS from reading new log records for continuous replication. DMS relies on the source database's transaction log for CDC (Change Data Capture), and a full log blocks this process.

Answer

The DMS task is not configured to use a task log for troubleshooting.

Answer

The target Redshift table does not have a primary key defined for the DMS task to apply changes.

Answer

The DMS task is using a full LOB mode, which is not supported for Redshift targets.

Question 10

A retail company is migrating its e-commerce platform from a monolith running on a single on-premises server to AWS. The current application consists of a Java-based web server, a MySQL database, and a caching layer using Redis. The company wants to modernize the architecture by adopting microservices, using serverless where possible, and minimizing operational overhead. The migration must be completed within six months with minimal disruption to ongoing operations. The solutions architect proposes the following initial steps: containerize the Java application and run it on Amazon ECS with Fargate, migrate the MySQL database to Amazon Aurora Serverless v2, and replace Redis with Amazon ElastiCache for Redis Serverless. However, the team is concerned about the complexity of the migration and the potential for downtime. Which recommendation should the solutions architect make to address these concerns?

Accepted Answer

Use the Strangler Fig pattern to incrementally replace monolith functionality with microservices, routing traffic to new services as they are built.. The Strangler Fig pattern allows the team to incrementally replace specific functionalities of the monolithic e-commerce platform with microservices, routing traffic to the new services as they are built. This minimizes disruption and downtime by avoiding a big-bang cutover, and it aligns with the goal of modernizing to microservices and serverless within the six-month timeline. The pattern leverages an existing ingress controller (e.g., an Application Load Balancer with path-based routing) to gradually shift requests from the monolith to new services running on Amazon ECS with Fargate, while the database and caching layers are migrated separately with minimal impact.

Answer

Rewrite the entire application as microservices from scratch and deploy them in a new AWS environment. Cut over all traffic at once after testing.

Answer

Use AWS Blue/Green deployment for the monolith to reduce downtime, then migrate to microservices after the deployment is stable.

Answer

Perform a lift-and-shift migration of the monolith to EC2 instances, then gradually refactor into microservices over the next year.

Question 11

Drag and drop the steps to configure an Application Load Balancer with HTTPS listeners in the correct order.

Accepted Answer

1. Obtain an SSL/TLS certificate from ACM, 2. Create a target group, 3. Create an ALB with an HTTPS listener, 4. Register targets with the target group, 5. Update DNS to point to the ALB.. First get the certificate, then create the target group, then the ALB with HTTPS, register targets, and update DNS.

Answer

1. Create an ALB with an HTTPS listener, 2. Create a target group, 3. Obtain an SSL/TLS certificate from ACM, 4. Register targets with the target group, 5. Update DNS to point to the ALB.

Answer

1. Obtain an SSL/TLS certificate from ACM, 2. Create an ALB with an HTTPS listener, 3. Create a target group, 4. Update DNS to point to the ALB, 5. Register targets with the target group.

Answer

1. Create a target group, 2. Register targets with the target group, 3. Obtain an SSL/TLS certificate from ACM, 4. Create an ALB with an HTTPS listener, 5. Update DNS to point to the ALB.

Question 12

Drag and drop the steps to configure an S3 bucket as a static website hosting in the correct order.

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Create an S3 bucket, Step 2: Enable static website hosting, Step 3: Upload website content, Step 4: Set bucket policy for public read access, Step 5: Test the website endpoint.. The correct sequence ensures that the S3 bucket is properly configured for static website hosting. Start by creating the bucket, then enable static hosting, upload your files, apply a bucket policy for public read access, and finally test the website URL.

Answer

Step 1: Create an S3 bucket, Step 2: Upload website content, Step 3: Enable static website hosting, Step 4: Set bucket policy for public read access, Step 5: Test the website endpoint.

Answer

Step 1: Create an S3 bucket, Step 2: Enable static website hosting, Step 3: Set bucket policy for public read access, Step 4: Upload website content, Step 5: Test the website endpoint.

Answer

Step 1: Create an S3 bucket, Step 2: Set bucket policy for public read access, Step 3: Enable static website hosting, Step 4: Upload website content, Step 5: Test the website endpoint.

Question 13

A company is migrating a monolithic application to AWS. The application currently runs on a single on-premises server and uses a MySQL database. The company wants to minimize changes to the application code during migration. Which migration strategy should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 and migrate the database to Amazon RDS.. Rehosting (lift-and-shift) moves the application to Amazon EC2 and the MySQL database to Amazon RDS with minimal or no code changes, which directly satisfies the requirement to minimize application code changes. This is the fastest migration path and preserves the existing monolithic architecture. Rehosting is the canonical 'minimize changes' strategy in the 7 Rs framework.

Answer

Refactor the application to use microservices and Amazon RDS.

Answer

Replatform the application to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk and Amazon Aurora.

Answer

Repurchase the application by adopting a SaaS solution.

Question 14

A company is migrating a web application to AWS and wants to use a containerized architecture. The application consists of multiple microservices that communicate via REST APIs. The company needs a solution that minimizes operational overhead for managing containers and orchestrating microservices. Which AWS service should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate launch type.. Amazon ECS with the Fargate launch type is the correct choice because it allows you to run containers without managing the underlying servers or cluster, thus minimizing operational overhead. Fargate is a serverless compute engine for containers, perfectly suited for microservices requiring minimal management. Option A (EKS with managed node groups) still requires management of worker nodes and is more complex. Option B (Lambda) is for functions, not containerized microservices. Option C (EC2 with Docker) involves significant operational overhead for managing instances and Docker.

Answer

Amazon EKS with managed node groups.

Answer

AWS Lambda functions for each microservice.

Answer

Amazon EC2 with Docker installed on each instance.

Question 15

A company is migrating a batch processing workload to AWS. The workload runs on a schedule and processes large files stored on a network file system. The company wants to use a serverless architecture to reduce costs. Which combination of AWS services should the company use?

Accepted Answer

AWS Step Functions, AWS Lambda, and Amazon S3.. AWS Step Functions can orchestrate the workflow, AWS Lambda can process files in a serverless manner, and Amazon S3 can store the large files. Option A is wrong because Amazon EMR is not a serverless service and EFS is a network file system, not ideal for serverless batch processing. Option B is wrong because Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose is designed for streaming data, not batch processing of large files. Option D is wrong because Amazon EC2 and EBS are not serverless.

Answer

AWS Step Functions, Amazon EMR, and Amazon EFS.

Answer

Amazon CloudWatch Events, AWS Lambda, and Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose.

Answer

Amazon CloudWatch Events, Amazon EC2, and Amazon EBS.