SAP-C02 Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization Practice Test 12 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company is modernizing its legacy PHP application to run on AWS. The application is currently deployed on a single on-premises server with a LAMP stack. The company wants to use containerization to improve scalability and deployment speed. Which AWS service should be used to run the containers with minimal operational overhead?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate. Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate allows running containers without managing servers, significantly reducing operational overhead. AWS Fargate is a serverless compute engine that automatically provisions and scales the infrastructure. Option A is incorrect because AWS Lambda is designed for event-driven serverless functions, not for running containerized applications directly. Option C is incorrect because Amazon EKS with Amazon EC2 requires managing the Kubernetes control plane and worker nodes, adding operational complexity. Option D is incorrect because Amazon ECS with the EC2 launch type requires you to manage the EC2 instances, increasing operational overhead compared to Fargate.

Answer

AWS Lambda

Answer

Amazon EKS with Amazon EC2

Answer

Amazon ECS with Amazon EC2 launch type

Question 2

A company is migrating a legacy mainframe application to AWS. The application uses a hierarchical database (IMS) and has complex batch processing jobs. The company wants to minimize changes to the application code. Which approach should be taken?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on AWS Mainframe Modernization using Blu Age. AWS Mainframe Modernization with Blu Age allows rehosting legacy mainframe applications with minimal code changes, preserving the existing IMS database and batch processing logic. Option D is incorrect because refactoring to microservices on EKS would require significant code changes. Option B is incorrect because replacing with a SaaS ERP introduces a completely different application. Option C is incorrect because replatforming the database to RDS still requires changes to adapt the hierarchical IMS to relational.

Answer

Replace the application with a SaaS-based ERP system

Answer

Re-platform the database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL

Answer

Refactor the application to use microservices on Amazon EKS

Question 3

A company is migrating a multi-tier web application to AWS. The application consists of a web server, application server, and Oracle database. Which TWO AWS services should be used to modernize the application while reducing operational overhead?

Accepted Answer

Amazon RDS for Oracle. (Amazon RDS for Oracle) is correct because it manages the Oracle database, reducing operational overhead compared to self-managed EC2. Option C (AWS Elastic Beanstalk) is correct because it automatically handles the deployment and scaling of the web and application servers, reducing operational overhead. Option B (Amazon Lightsail) is not suitable for complex multi-tier applications. Option D (Amazon EC2) would increase operational overhead as it requires manual management. Option E (Amazon DynamoDB) is a NoSQL database and not suitable for migrating an Oracle database.

Answer

Amazon Lightsail

Answer

Amazon EC2

Answer

Amazon DynamoDB

Question 4

A company is modernizing its monolithic Java application to a microservices architecture on AWS. The application uses a shared Oracle database. The team wants to implement an event-driven architecture. Which TWO AWS services should be used to decouple microservices and handle asynchronous communication?

Accepted Answer

Amazon EventBridge. Correct answers are D (Amazon EventBridge) and E (Amazon Simple Queue Service - SQS). SQS provides a reliable message queue for decoupling microservices and enabling asynchronous communication. EventBridge allows building event-driven architectures by routing events from various sources to targets. Option A (AWS AppSync) is for building GraphQL APIs; it does not handle decoupling in an event-driven pattern. Option B (Amazon SNS) is a pub/sub notification service but not primarily for decoupling queues; it can be used for fan-out but not as a queue. Option C (Amazon Kinesis Data Streams) is for real-time streaming data; it is not typically used for simple decoupling of microservices.

Answer

AWS AppSync

Answer

Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS)

Answer

Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

Question 5

A company is planning to migrate its on-premises infrastructure to AWS. The company wants to assess the current environment and create a migration plan. Which TWO AWS services should be used for discovery and assessment?

Accepted Answer

AWS Migration Hub. For discovery and assessment of on-premises infrastructure, AWS Application Discovery Service (Option D) automatically discovers servers and application dependencies, while AWS Migration Hub (Option B) provides a centralized view to track migrations and integrates with discovery data. AWS Server Migration Service (Option A) is a replication tool for migrating servers, not a discovery service, and it has been deprecated. Amazon CloudWatch (Option C) is a monitoring service, and AWS Trusted Advisor (Option E) provides best practice recommendations; neither performs discovery.

Answer

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS)

Answer

Amazon CloudWatch

Answer

AWS Trusted Advisor

Question 6

A company is migrating a legacy monolithic e-commerce platform to AWS. The platform consists of a Java-based web application, an Oracle database, and a file server storing product images. The company's migration requirements are: (1) minimize downtime during cutover, (2) reduce operational overhead for the database, (3) enable future migration to microservices. The current on-premises environment experiences high I/O latency for the file server. The company has already set up a VPN connection to AWS and has installed the AWS Application Discovery Service agent on all servers. During the assessment, you discover that the Oracle database is 2 TB and the file server holds 5 TB of images. The web application is tightly coupled with the database and uses stored procedures. You need to design the migration approach. Which combination of actions should be taken?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication to Amazon RDS for Oracle. Use S3 Transfer Acceleration to upload files to Amazon S3. Then cut over.. Using AWS DMS with ongoing replication minimizes downtime, RDS for Oracle reduces operational overhead, and S3 with Transfer Acceleration addresses high latency for file transfer. Option A is wrong because Snowball is offline and may cause longer cutover. Option B is wrong because EFS is not the best for image storage; S3 is better. Option D is wrong because refactoring to microservices during migration increases risk and complexity.

Answer

Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer the database and files. After data is loaded, cut over DNS to AWS.

Answer

Use AWS DMS for continuous replication of the database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. Use AWS DataSync to copy files to Amazon EFS. Then cut over.

Answer

Refactor the application into microservices using Amazon ECS. Use Amazon RDS for Oracle and Amazon S3 for images. Then cut over gradually.

Question 7

A company is migrating a Windows-based .NET application to AWS. The application uses SQL Server for its database and stores documents on a Windows file share. The company wants to adopt a hybrid model initially, where the application runs on AWS but still connects to on-premises resources for legacy integration. The migration must use a phased approach: first move the compute to AWS, then the database, and finally the file storage. The company has high latency to the internet and wants to optimize data transfer. You have set up a Direct Connect connection. During the first phase, you migrate the web and application servers to Amazon EC2 Windows instances. You need to ensure that the EC2 instances can access the on-premises SQL Server and file share securely. Which combination of actions should be taken?

Accepted Answer

Place the EC2 instances in a private subnet. Create a VPN connection or use Direct Connect virtual interface to connect to on-premises. Configure security groups to allow traffic to on-premises SQL Server and file share.. Placing EC2 instances in a private subnet and using a Direct Connect virtual interface (or VPN) provides a secure, low-latency connection to on-premises resources. Security groups can be configured to allow traffic only to the necessary on-premises SQL Server and file share. Option B is wrong because VPC peering is used to connect VPCs within AWS, not for on-premises connectivity; a NAT gateway is for outbound internet access from private subnets, not for secure access to on-premises resources. Option C is wrong because placing instances in a public subnet with an internet gateway exposes them to internet traffic, which is less secure and does not leverage the Direct Connect connection. Option D is wrong because ClassicLink is a legacy feature that was used for linking EC2-Classic instances to a VPC, but EC2-Classic is no longer available, and it does not provide on-premises connectivity.

Answer

Place the EC2 instances in a private subnet with a NAT gateway. Use VPC peering to on-premises.

Answer

Place the EC2 instances in a public subnet. Use an internet gateway and configure security groups to allow inbound traffic from on-premises IPs.

Answer

Use Amazon EC2-Classic and link the instances to on-premises via ClassicLink.

Question 8

A small business is migrating its on-premises infrastructure to AWS. The current environment consists of two VMs running a LAMP stack (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) and a separate file server. The business has limited IT staff and wants to minimize operational overhead. They also want to ensure high availability for the web application. The company has a modest budget and is looking for a cost-effective solution. You need to design the migration. Which approach should be taken?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy the web application. Use Amazon RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ for the database. Use S3 for file storage.. The best approach because AWS Elastic Beanstalk provides a managed platform for the web application, reducing operational overhead. Amazon RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ ensures high availability for the database with automatic failover. Using S3 for file storage is cost-effective and scalable. Option A (EC2 Auto Scaling with ALB) requires more management than Elastic Beanstalk. Option B (Lightsail on a single instance) does not provide high availability. Option D (ECS Fargate) introduces containerization complexity and higher cost, which is not ideal for a small business with limited IT staff and a modest budget.

Answer

Migrate the VMs to two EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an ALB. Use RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ.

Answer

Use Amazon Lightsail to host the entire application on a single instance with a managed database.

Answer

Containerize the application and run on Amazon ECS with Fargate. Use Amazon RDS for MySQL.

Question 9

A company is migrating an on-premises monolithic application to AWS. The application uses a legacy database that cannot be easily refactored. The company wants to minimize changes to the application code while gaining scalability and high availability. Which migration strategy should the architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 and use Amazon RDS for the database.. Rehosting (lift-and-shift) involves moving the application and database to AWS infrastructure (EC2 and RDS) with minimal changes. This preserves the legacy database and allows the company to achieve scalability and HA using AWS features like Multi-AZ and Auto Scaling. Replatforming would require modifying the database engine; refactoring involves significant changes; and retiring removes the application.

Answer

Replatform the application to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk and Amazon DynamoDB.

Answer

Refactor the application to use a microservices architecture with Amazon Aurora.

Answer

Retire the application and replace it with a SaaS solution.

Question 10

A company is migrating a critical application to AWS and must ensure business continuity with a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 1 hour and a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 15 minutes. The application runs on a single on-premises server with a 500 GB disk. The current data changes at a rate of 10 MB per minute. Which solution will meet the RTO and RPO requirements with the least operational overhead?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN) to replicate the server continuously and automate cutover.. AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN) continuously replicates data with near-zero RPO and supports automated testing and cutover. It can achieve an RTO of less than 1 hour for a single server. AWS DMS is for database migration, not full server. AWS Backup has a minimum RPO of 1 hour for continuous backups. Manual snapshots cannot achieve 15-minute RPO due to the rate of change and manual intervention.

Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to replicate the database continuously.

Answer

Use AWS DataSync to replicate the server every 15 minutes to an EBS volume.

Answer

Take hourly snapshots of the server using AWS Backup and restore in a new EC2 instance.

Question 11

An organization is modernizing a legacy application by breaking it into microservices on AWS. The application processes customer orders and sends notifications. The team wants to decouple the order processing from the notification service to improve scalability. Which AWS service should they use to asynchronously pass messages between the services?

Accepted Answer

Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS). Amazon SQS is a fully managed message queue service that enables decoupling of application components. SNS is pub/sub; EventBridge is event bus; Kinesis is for real-time streaming. For simple point-to-point async messaging, SQS is the best fit.

Answer

Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

Answer

Amazon EventBridge

Answer

Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS)

Question 12

A company is migrating a multi-tier web application to AWS. The application consists of a stateless web tier and a stateful application tier that uses sticky sessions. The company wants to reduce operational overhead and improve elasticity. Which architecture should the solutions architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use an Application Load Balancer with sticky sessions for the web tier. Store session data in Amazon ElastiCache.. Using an Application Load Balancer (ALB) with sticky sessions (session affinity) enables the web tier to be stateless and scale horizontally. The application tier can use ElastiCache for session state storage, making it stateless as well. This reduces overhead and improves elasticity. NLB with EFS is not suitable for session state; ALB with DynamoDB is overkill; CloudFront does not support sticky sessions.

Answer

Use Amazon CloudFront with an origin load balancer and store session data in the web tier's local storage.

Answer

Use an Application Load Balancer with cross-zone load balancing and store session data in Amazon DynamoDB.

Answer

Use a Network Load Balancer with instance targets and Amazon EFS to share session data.

Question 13

A company is migrating a legacy .NET application to AWS. The application currently uses Windows Authentication and a SQL Server database. The company wants to reduce licensing costs and use managed services where possible. The migration should minimize code changes. Which combination of services meets these requirements?

Accepted Answer

AWS Elastic Beanstalk for the .NET application, Amazon RDS for SQL Server, and AWS Managed Microsoft AD. AWS Managed Microsoft AD provides Windows Authentication compatibility. Amazon RDS for SQL Server is a managed database service that reduces operational overhead and licensing costs compared to self-managed SQL Server. AWS Elastic Beanstalk supports .NET applications. This combination minimizes code changes. Lambda does not support .NET Windows Authentication natively; DynamoDB is not compatible; EC2 does not reduce licensing costs.

Answer

Amazon EC2 instances with SQL Server installed and AWS Directory Service for AD

Answer

AWS Lambda for the application logic and Amazon DynamoDB for the database

Answer

Amazon ECS with Windows containers, Amazon RDS for SQL Server, and AWS SSO

Question 14

A company is planning to migrate 50 TB of data from an on-premises data center to Amazon S3. The on-premises network bandwidth is 100 Mbps. The migration must be completed within 30 days. What is the most cost-effective solution?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Snowball Edge device.. At 100 Mbps, transferring 50 TB over the internet would take approximately 50 days (50*8*1024*1024 / (100*86400) ≈ 48.5 days), exceeding the 30-day window. AWS Snowball Edge is a physical device that can transfer data offline faster and is cost-effective for large data volumes. AWS DMS is for databases; Direct Connect requires setup time; S3 Transfer Acceleration improves speed but still limited by bandwidth.

Answer

Use AWS Direct Connect to increase bandwidth.

Answer

Use AWS DataSync over the internet.

Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS).

Question 15

A company is modernizing its infrastructure by moving from EC2 instances to a serverless architecture using AWS Lambda. The application processes images uploaded to Amazon S3. The current EC2-based solution uses a third-party image processing library that is not supported in Lambda's runtime environment. What is the best approach to migrate to serverless while using the same library?

Accepted Answer

Package the library as a Lambda layer and reference it in the function.. AWS Lambda supports custom runtime environments by bundling the library with the deployment package or using Lambda layers. The library can be included as a layer, allowing the Lambda function to use it. AWS Fargate runs containers but is not serverless in the same sense; it adds overhead. Using a different library would require code changes. App Runner is for containerized applications.

Answer

Use AWS Fargate to run the image processing library in a container.

Answer

Rewrite the image processing code to use AWS Rekognition.

Answer

Use AWS App Runner to deploy the existing application as-is.