DVA-C02 Practice Test 7 — 10 Questions

Question 1

A company has an S3 bucket containing confidential data. The security team wants to ensure that the bucket is never publicly accessible, even if a bucket policy or ACL is incorrectly set to allow public access. Which S3 feature should the developer enable?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Enable S3 Block Public Access (bucket-level).. S3 Block Public Access (bucket-level) provides a definitive override that prevents any public access to the bucket, regardless of any bucket policies or ACLs that might otherwise grant public access. This feature acts as a safety net, ensuring that even if a policy or ACL is misconfigured to allow public access, the block public access settings will deny all public requests at the S3 service level before any policy evaluation occurs.

Answer

Enable S3 Transfer Acceleration to ensure faster uploads.

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Enable S3 Server Access Logging to monitor access.

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Enable S3 Object Lock to prevent objects from being deleted.

Question 2

A developer is deploying a containerized application on Amazon ECS with Fargate. The application requires access to an Amazon RDS database. The developer needs to securely pass database credentials to the container. Which THREE methods can the developer use?

Accepted Answer

Store the credentials in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store and reference the parameter in the task definition.. Options A, B, and C are correct because they all provide secure, native mechanisms for delivering RDS credentials to an ECS Fargate task. Option A is right because ECS task definitions support the secrets parameter with valueFrom pointing to a Systems Manager Parameter Store parameter (for example, arn:aws:ssm:region:account:parameter/name), and the value is injected at container start without being baked into the image. Option B is right because ECS also supports referencing AWS Secrets Manager secrets in the task definition's secrets block, allowing the credential to be fetched and injected securely at runtime. Option C is right because an IAM task role can grant the container permission to call secretsmanager:GetSecretValue (or ssm:GetParameter) at runtime, letting the application retrieve credentials dynamically without embedding them. Option D is wrong because hardcoding credentials in the container image exposes them to anyone who can pull or inspect the image and violates credential-rotation best practices. Option E is wrong because defining credentials as plaintext environment variables in the task definition stores them in the task definition itself, making them visible to anyone with ECS read access and not securely encrypted or rotated.

Answer

Hardcode the credentials in the container image.

Answer

Define environment variables in the task definition with the credentials.

Question 3

A developer runs an application on Amazon EC2 that needs to securely store database credentials (username and password). The security team requires that the credentials be automatically rotated every 30 days. Which AWS service should the developer use to store and automatically rotate the credentials?

Accepted Answer

AWS Secrets Manager with automatic rotation enabled.. AWS Secrets Manager is designed specifically for managing secrets such as database credentials, with built-in capabilities for automatic rotation according to a schedule (e.g., every 30 days). It integrates natively with supported databases (e.g., Amazon RDS, Redshift, DocumentDB) to rotate credentials without custom code, and it encrypts secrets at rest using AWS KMS. This makes it the correct choice for the developer's requirement of secure storage and automated rotation.

Answer

AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store with a SecureString parameter.

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AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles for EC2.

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AWS Key Management Service (KMS) to store the credentials as encrypted data.

Question 4

A developer is troubleshooting an AWS Lambda function that is invoked from an Amazon S3 bucket via event notifications. The function processes images and stores metadata in Amazon DynamoDB. The developer notices that some images are being processed multiple times, resulting in duplicate entries in DynamoDB. The S3 event notification is configured to send events to the Lambda function with the 's3:ObjectCreated:*' event type. The function uses the 'uuid' library to generate a unique ID for each image upon processing. What is the most likely cause of the duplicate processing?

Accepted Answer

S3 event notifications are delivered at least once, and the Lambda function is not idempotent.. Amazon S3 event notifications are delivered on an 'at least once' basis, meaning the same event can be sent to Lambda multiple times. If the Lambda function is not idempotent—i.e., processing the same event multiple times produces duplicate side effects—then duplicate DynamoDB entries will occur. The use of a 'uuid' library inside the function does not help because a new UUID is generated on each invocation, so the same image gets different IDs and is stored as a separate item each time.

Answer

The Lambda function's concurrency is set too high, causing race conditions.

Answer

The DynamoDB table does not have a primary key that prevents duplicates.

Answer

The S3 bucket is configured with versioning, causing multiple object creation events.

Question 5

A company uses AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy a web application. The application requires a database connection string that is different for each environment (development, staging, production). The developer wants to set these values without hardcoding them in the application code. Which configuration method should the developer use?

Accepted Answer

Use environment properties in the Elastic Beanstalk console. Elastic Beanstalk environment properties allow you to inject configuration values (like database connection strings) into your application at deployment time without hardcoding them. These properties are set per environment in the Elastic Beanstalk console or via CLI, and the application retrieves them as environment variables, making them environment-specific. While database connection strings are sensitive, environment properties are the simplest configuration method within Elastic Beanstalk for such values. AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store (Option D) is more secure for secrets but is not a native Elastic Beanstalk feature and requires additional setup; the question specifically asks for a configuration method within Elastic Beanstalk's native capabilities.

Answer

Use the .ebextensions configuration files with environment-specific snippet files

Answer

Use Amazon RDS within Elastic Beanstalk

Answer

Use AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store with an IAM instance profile

Question 6

A company has multiple AWS accounts managed under AWS Organizations. The security team requires that all Amazon S3 buckets with bucket names containing 'logs' must be encrypted with a specific KMS key (key ID: alias/logs-key) at rest. A developer must enforce this using an SCP (Service Control Policy). Which SCP effect and condition key should be used to deny any PutObject request that does not use the required KMS key?

Accepted Answer

Deny effect with a Condition: StringNotEquals on s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id. SCPs use a Deny effect to block non-compliant requests. The condition key `s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` with `StringNotEquals` ensures that any PutObject request that does not specify the exact KMS key alias/logs-key is denied. This enforces encryption with the required key for all S3 buckets containing 'logs' in their name.

Answer

Deny effect with a Condition: StringEquals on s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption

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Allow effect with a Condition: StringEquals on kms:RequestTag/key-id

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Deny effect with a Condition: IpAddress on aws:SourceIp

Question 7

A company wants to build a RESTful API that handles file uploads. The API needs to support multipart/form-data content type. The developer is using Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda. Which approach should the developer use to handle file uploads efficiently?

Accepted Answer

Use API Gateway to generate a presigned S3 URL, and have the client upload directly to S3. The Lambda function can then process the file asynchronously.. It offloads the file upload to Amazon S3 directly via a presigned URL, which avoids the 10 MB payload limit and 29-second timeout of API Gateway and Lambda for large files. The client uploads the file to S3, and a separate Lambda function processes the file asynchronously, making the solution efficient and scalable for multipart/form-data uploads.

Answer

Configure API Gateway to pass the entire request body to Lambda, and process the file within the Lambda function.

Answer

Create a Lambda function that accepts the file and uploads it to S3 using the AWS SDK.

Answer

Use an EC2 instance to host a custom web server that accepts file uploads and writes to S3.

Question 8

A developer stores database credentials for an application running on Amazon EC2. The security team requires that the credentials be automatically rotated every 30 days to reduce the risk of compromise. Which AWS service should the developer use to store and automatically rotate the credentials?

Accepted Answer

AWS Secrets Manager. AWS Secrets Manager is the correct choice because it is specifically designed to securely store database credentials and other secrets, and it provides built-in, configurable automatic rotation (e.g., every 30 days) using AWS Lambda. This meets the security team's requirement without custom scripting or infrastructure management.

Answer

AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store

Answer

AWS Key Management Service (KMS)

Answer

IAM Roles for EC2

Question 9

A developer is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to an EC2 Auto Scaling group. The developer wants to monitor the deployment and automatically roll back if a specified Amazon CloudWatch alarm is triggered during the deployment. Which CodeDeploy feature should the developer configure?

Accepted Answer

Deployment group alarm configuration. The Deployment group alarm configuration in AWS CodeDeploy allows you to specify Amazon CloudWatch alarms that, when triggered during a deployment, automatically initiate a rollback. This feature is configured at the deployment group level and ensures that if a predefined alarm (e.g., high error rate or latency) enters the ALARM state, CodeDeploy stops the deployment and reverts to the last known good revision. This provides automated, policy-driven rollback without manual intervention.

Answer

Deployment configuration with alarm

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Revision rollback

Answer

EC2 instance health check

Question 10

A developer is building a REST API using Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda. The API needs to support a custom domain name and an SSL/TLS certificate. Which AWS service should the developer use to manage the SSL/TLS certificate?

Accepted Answer

AWS Certificate Manager (ACM). AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) is the correct service for provisioning, managing, and deploying SSL/TLS certificates for use with AWS services like API Gateway. ACM integrates directly with API Gateway to automatically renew certificates and attach them to custom domain names, ensuring secure HTTPS connections without manual intervention.

Answer

AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS)

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AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Answer

AWS Secrets Manager